(1) Root Absorption Characteristics: The root system of cowpea is well-developed, but its regenerative capacity is relatively low. The main root can reach a depth of approximately 80 to 100 cm, while the majority of the root mass is concentrated in the 15–18 cm plough layer. Lateral roots are

I. Physiological Diseases Physiological diseases in potatoes are caused by environmental factors that hinder their normal growth and development. These include nutrient deficiencies, adverse weather conditions, and phytotoxicity. To manage these issues: 1. Apply sufficient NPK and organic fertil

I. Physiological Diseases Physiological diseases in potatoes are caused by environmental factors that hinder their normal growth and development. These include nutrient deficiencies, adverse weather conditions, and phytotoxic effects. Proper management is essential to prevent and control these iss