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The management point of spring scrofula breeding
As the saying goes, "Spring is the season of the year." Proper spring management plays a crucial role in the successful breeding of Astragalus. Drawing from practical experience, I will now outline key points for managing spring aphid breeding:
1. **Preparations**: Before and after the Qingming Festival, when water temperatures generally stabilize above 10°C, it's time to start preparations. First, clean the area around the culture ponds and apply disinfectant. To make a strong alkaline solution, mix 50 g/L of quicklime with water, filter it, and then add 10 g/L of caustic soda. This mixture can be sprayed around the pond to ensure cleanliness. Remove the overwintering cover on Dianchi Lake and immediately spray the mud surface and pool walls with the disinfectant. After this, check the condition of the overwintering sites and ensure all facilities are in good working order. Trim the mud inside the pond and plant aquatic plants such as mushrooms, oysters, and taro to create a suitable environment.
2. **Water Temperature Management**: Spring temperatures can be unpredictable, sometimes experiencing a "cold snap." Insulation is essential during this period. Initially, you can temporarily cover the overwintering plastic sheet, expose it to sunlight for a few hours at noon, and re-cover it in the afternoon. If available, use electric lights or other heating devices to maintain warmth. Warming lamps not only help regulate temperature but also enhance light, promoting algae growth and inhibiting harmful bacteria. If there are grapevines or trees around the pond, prune them to maximize sunlight exposure.
3. **Water Quality Control**: Astragalus prefers shallow, warm water. In early spring, keep the water level around 6 cm to increase temperature. Regular water changes are essential to maintain freshness, improve appetite, and boost food conversion rates. However, Astragalus is sensitive to sudden temperature changes. If the temperature difference exceeds 3°C, it may suffer from cold stress and eventually die. Therefore, always use warm water when changing. A common practice is to build a new reservoir and let the water sit before using it. The frequency of water changes depends on stocking density, feeding conditions, and temperature. It’s best to change water during sunny midday hours. Avoid changing water when temperatures are low. Once the temperature reaches 15°C, change water once a week, replacing about 1/4 of the total volume. When the temperature rises to 20°C, change water every five days, replacing approximately 1/3 of the water each time.
4. **Timely Feeding**: Early spring feeding focuses on restoring the health of the Astragalus, encouraging activity, increasing appetite, and adjusting eating habits. According to experiments, the olfactory sensitivity of Scutellaria baicalensis to different baits ranks as follows: earthworms, snails, slugs, larvae, frogs, chickens, ducks, and pig intestines. Fresh live bait is more effective. Usually, feed live quail, and small-scale operations can use mealworms. After about a week, the Astragalus should become active and gradually transition to other types of bait. The initial feeding amount should be around 0.5% of their body weight. If there is excess food the next day, reduce the amount; otherwise, increase it accordingly.
5. **Disease Prevention**: During spring, low temperatures and reduced light make Scutellariae prone to watery mildew. Along with improving lighting and raising water temperature, you can use a solution of 0.5 g/L salt and 0.4 g/L baking soda to prevent the disease. If an outbreak occurs, treat the entire pond with 0.2 mg/L malachite green or 0.3 mg/L methylene blue, applying it every three days for three treatments. This helps control the spread and promote recovery.