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The management point of spring scrofula breeding
As the old saying goes, "Spring is the season of the year." Proper spring management plays a crucial role in the successful breeding of Astragalus. Drawing from practical experience, the following points highlight key strategies for effective spring care:
1. **Preparation**. Before and after the Qingming Festival, when water temperatures generally stabilize above 10°C, it's time to begin preparations. First, clean the surroundings of the culture ponds and apply disinfectant. A strong alkaline solution can be made by mixing 50 g/L of quicklime with 10 g/L of caustic soda, then filtering and using it to spray the pond area. Remove the overwintering cover on Dianchi Lake and immediately spray the mud and pool walls. After completing these steps, check the wintering condition of the Astragalus and ensure all facilities are in good shape. Trim the mud inside the pond and plant aquatic plants like mushrooms, oysters, and taro to support a healthy environment.
2. **Water Temperature Control**. Spring weather can be unpredictable, with occasional cold spells. Insulation is essential during this time. Initially, use temporary plastic covers over the ponds, expose them to sunlight at noon, and re-cover them in the afternoon. If possible, use electric lights or heating systems to maintain warmth. Warming lamps not only help raise temperature but also enhance light, promoting algae growth and inhibiting harmful bacteria. If there are grapevines around the pond, ensure they are pruned to maximize sunlight exposure.
3. **Water Quality Management**. Astragalus thrives in shallow, warm water. In early spring, keep the water level around 6 cm to increase warmth. Regular water changes are vital to keep the water clean, boost oxygen levels, and improve feed conversion. However, Astragalus is sensitive to temperature fluctuations. Water exchanges should not exceed a 3°C difference, so it's best to use warm water. Create a new reservoir and let the water sit before changing. The frequency depends on stocking density, feeding conditions, and temperature. Change water on sunny afternoons, avoiding low-temperature periods. When temperatures reach 15°C, change water once a week, replacing about 1/4 of the total volume. At 20°C, change every five days, replacing 1/3 each time.
4. **Timely Feeding**. Early spring feeding aims to restore the health of the Astragalus, stimulate activity, and improve appetite. According to experiments, their preference for live bait ranks as follows: earthworms, snails, pupae, frogs, chicken, duck, pig intestines, etc. Fresh live bait is most effective. Start with live quail, and small-scale breeders can use mealworms. After about a week, the Astragalus will become active and can gradually transition to other types of feed. Initially, feed about 0.5% of their body weight. Adjust the amount based on leftover food—reduce if there's excess, or increase if they eat quickly.
5. **Disease Prevention**. During spring, low temperatures and poor lighting make Astragalus vulnerable to diseases like watery mildew. To prevent this, increase light and water temperature. You can also prepare a solution of 0.5 g/L salt and 0.4 g/L baking soda. If an outbreak occurs, treat the entire pond with 0.2 mg/L malachite green or 0.3 mg/L methylene blue, applying it every three days for three treatments to effectively control the disease.
Proper spring management ensures a healthier and more productive breeding environment for Astragalus, setting the stage for a successful growing season.