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Deep application of good potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer
In spring, when the soil suffers from drought, how can farmers effectively fertilize crops to ensure optimal nutrient absorption? On December 13, 2007, a reporter spoke with experts from the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Provincial Department of Agriculture to explore solutions.
Lu Shihua, an expert from the Soil and Fertilizer Institute at the provincial academy, emphasized that water-saving agriculture is key to effective fertilization during dry periods. "We need to combine water-saving techniques with proper fertilizer use to maximize efficiency," he explained. During last year's severe drought, Xiangshui Village in Yanjiang District, Ziyang City, implemented the "rice film water-saving and drought-resistant cultivation technology." The results were impressive: fields using this method saw high fertilizer efficiency, with grain yields reaching over 1,000 pounds per mu, and some even exceeding 1,300 pounds. In contrast, fields without the technique had little or no harvest.
Lu also outlined three important principles for scientific fertilization during droughts. First, applying all fertilizer at once during dry periods can lead to runoff if heavy rains follow, causing both economic loss and environmental damage. Second, surface application of fertilizers may result in evaporation, especially if rain comes later, so it’s better to apply them deeper to maintain effectiveness. Third, potassium fertilizer should be used to help crops retain moisture by reducing transpiration through smaller leaf stomata. Additionally, boron deficiency often occurs during droughts, particularly in crops like peanuts, fruit trees, and rapeseed, so boron fertilizer should be applied accordingly.
Lu also reminded farmers to protect residual nutrients after the drought. "Even if crops yield less or not at all, many nutrients remain in the soil from previous fertilizer applications. I recommend using straw cover to preserve these nutrients and prevent them from being lost."
Huang Zelin, deputy director of the Provincial Department of Agriculture’s Soil and Fertilizer Division, advised farmers to follow local soil testing and formulation guidelines. He suggested using organic fertilizers, which not only provide balanced nutrients but also improve soil structure and drought resistance. It’s especially beneficial to apply these fertilizers in drought-affected areas like sloped farmland.