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Nutshell Fermentation Feed Low Cost Nutritional High
Peanut shells, rice husks, sunflower seed hulls, and wheat husks are all by-products that are produced in massive quantities. In many rural areas, farmers often burn them as waste or use them for low-quality feed without proper treatment. Although some attempt to crush them for animal consumption, the lack of fermentation usually leads to poor results. Even though this method might reduce costs on paper, it ultimately harms the animals’ health and digestion.
These agricultural residues are rich in both fiber and lignin. Lignin, a complex organic polymer, has a highly stable chemical structure. It forms strong covalent bonds with cellulose molecules and ester bonds with polysaccharides in plant cell walls. This makes it extremely difficult for livestock to break down and digest these materials. Additionally, lignin can interfere with the activity of beneficial microbes in the digestive system, reducing nutrient absorption and overall feed efficiency.
To make peanut shells and similar materials suitable for animal feed, they must undergo proper fermentation. Using specialized microbial agents, such as Goldbaby Type II, can significantly improve their nutritional value and digestibility. The process involves first grinding the peanut shells and mixing them with about 20-30% rice bran or corn flour. Then, the mixture is inoculated with the fermentation agent and left to ferment for three days. During this time, the beneficial microorganisms break down the complex compounds, convert cellulose into usable proteins, and create a sweet, appetizing biological feed that is both nutritious and safe for livestock. This approach not only reduces waste but also adds value to what was once considered useless material.