Rape-covered straw-covered no-tillage cultivation technology is a new type of practical rice paddy field protective cultivation technology that integrates fertile soil engineering, water-saving agriculture, ecological protection, and provincial labor. It has environmental protection, fertility, cost efficiency, and improvement. The outstanding functions of utilization of winter free fields and the use of scientific and technological methods to solve the labor shortage problem in rural busy seasons have played a positive role in adjusting the structure of Xiaochun's grain and oil, increasing farmers' income, realizing sustainable agricultural development, and protecting agricultural ecological environment. 1. No-till and ditch-opening The middle rice paddies will be drained within 10 days before harvest and will be opened immediately after harvest. The deep-gully-high compartment will be used to determine the specifications of the compartment according to the soil texture and drainage conditions of the plot. . 2.25m or 4.25m for the car, car width 2 meters or 4 meters, width 0.25 meters, 0.3 to 0.4 meters deep groove. At the same time, open the ditch at 1.5 meters away from Tianqu, open the back ditch at 0.8 meters from the back canopy, the soil texture is heavy and the larger field, between the side ditch and back ditch can add transverse ditch, so that the whole field ditch Groove communicates, removes stagnant water, reduces soil moisture, and keeps the car flat and consistent. Second, select good varieties of "Youyan No. 10", "Yanyan No. 9", "China No. 7", "China Oil Miscellaneous No. 11", "Wan Youza No. 1" and other high-quality rapeseed varieties. Third, chemical weeding No-tillage paddy fields without plowing, weeds, especially in warm winter temperatures, weeds grow fast and consume large amounts of nutrients, to prevent grass seedlings, weeding appears particularly important. Live plots can be used in the 5 to 7 days before the live mu with 10% "glyphosate" 400 ~ 500 ml or "g without trace" 200 ml, watering 40 kg uniform spray to control weeds in the field. The field for transplanting seedlings must be chemically weeded before transplanting the oilseed rape. The specific operation is: in the annual mono- and dicotyledon-based plots, 5 to 7 days before transplanting, 20% “G- trace†150-200 ml/mu, or 50% “Pucapron†per acre. 100g plus 12.5% ​​"Gaisengeng" 30 ~ 50ml, watered 50 ~ 60kg, the whole surface of the soil evenly spray; in the field of monocotyledonous weeds (such as looking Maimai) dominated the shift in the rape After weeding, weeds are used for a period of 2 to 3 leaves, and 12.5% ​​“covered grass†is used for 40-50 milliliters per acre, and watered 50-60 kilograms, sprayed on rows of weeds to control rapeseed field weeds. . 4. The straw covers the live rapeseed field. After fertilization and sowing of rapeseed, the straw can be evenly spread over the entire field or car side according to the proportion of straw required for a half a mu of paddy field. After transplanting the rapeseed field, it is necessary to divide the field or car surface evenly according to the proportion of straw that requires a half acre of paddy field in a rape field. V. Early sowing (planting) Transplanting plots, planting seedlings on September 10-20. At the beginning of transplanting, 3 leaves and 1 heart were transplanted, and when 5 leaves and 1 heart were transplanted, the transplanting was completed. During the transplanting, along the direction of the Xiangtanggou, wide rows of 1.6 to 1.8 ft, narrow rows of 1.2 ft, and recessed nests of 0.8 to 1.0 ft. were used to plant rape seedlings on the surface of the husk that had been covered with straw. Fertilize timely after planting. 6. Apply base fertilizer, suitable for top-dressing rape seedlings with 40 kg of special compound fertilizer (25%) for rape seedlings, 20-30 kg of calcium phosphate, 1 kg of high-content borax, and 1,000 kg of ash ash as base fertilizer. Application. Rape 3 to 4 leaves, 3 to 5 kilograms of urea used to clear the manure water 30 to 40 lotus seedlings to raise seedlings. Before and after the winter solstice, rapeseeds were combined with cultivating weeds on the top of the road, mu urea 8 to 10 kg and swine manure water 30 to 40 broods for open fertilizer. After transplanting rapeseed, the roots and roots were sprayed in a timely manner. 7 to 10 days after transplanting, 5-6 kilograms of urea (or 13 to 16 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate) were mixed with 30 to 40 kilograms of fertilized water. Fertilizer; Before and after the winter solstice, the rapeseeds were combined with cultivating weeds on top of the planter and used urea for 8 to 10 kg, potassium chloride 10 kg (or 100 kg for plant ash), and 30 to 40 broods for pig manure water for open fertilizer. 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On the field of live broadcast, from September 20 to 30, mu with 0.2-0.25 kilograms of rapeseed seeds and 1 kilogram of fried commercial rapeseed are mixed evenly, and the width is 1.6-1.8 feet, the narrow line is 1.2 feet, and the recession is 0.8. ~ 1.0-foot specifications, pull the rope directly seeded on the surface, acres planting 6000 ~ 8000 strains. Apply fertilizer in the middle of the wide line. Cover the straw immediately after sowing and fertilizing. Rape seedlings were planted between 1 and 2 leaves, and 3 to 4 leaves were seeded and supplemented.
VII. Prevention and control of pests and diseases During the seedling stage, key insecticides such as aphids and cabbage caterpillars can be controlled and controlled by agents such as “big hero†and “oxidation dimethoateâ€. During the flowering period, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is mainly controlled, and 40% “Carbendazim†WP 4 can be sprayed with 50 kg of water for spray control at the early flowering stage and flowering stage.