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How to prevent garlic soft rot?
For the prevention and control of garlic soft rot, a comprehensive approach should be adopted. It is recommended to select flat land with good drainage and irrigation systems, as well as soil rich in organic matter, with strong water and nutrient retention capacity. Avoid planting garlic in fields previously used for garlic to reduce disease buildup. Apply high-quality organic fertilizers and cake fertilizers in combination with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote healthy seedling growth and enhance the plant's resistance to diseases, thereby reducing the occurrence of physiological disorders.
Soil treatment is crucial in areas where soft rot has already been detected. A 77% tannic acid wettable powder diluted at 600 times can be sprayed into the planting furrows at a rate of 100 kg per acre, either before or after sowing. Alternatively, a mixture of copper sulfate, quicklime, and ash in a ratio of 1:1:100 can be applied directly into the furrows to improve soil health and prevent pathogen spread.
Chemical control measures should be implemented before or during the early stages of infection. Spraying 72% agricultural streptomycin at a dilution of 3000–4000 times, 47% Gattin at 750 times, or 50% Daisen ammonium at 1000 times per mu is effective. Apply the spray every 5–7 days, repeating 2–3 times depending on the severity of the disease. Focus on the infected plants and surrounding ones, especially the base of the stems. If symptoms persist after initial treatments, apply 72% Streptomycin WP at 400 times, or 77% Tannic Acid WP at 500–800 times, using 50 kg per mu. Spray 2–3 times daily for 7–10 days. Neomycin can also be used at 3000–4000 times, along with 50% carbendazim, 75% chlorothalonil WP at 500–800 times, or 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 600–1000 times, focusing on the rhizome area.
In addition to these practices, maintaining proper field hygiene, ensuring adequate ventilation, and avoiding overwatering are essential to minimize the risk of soft rot. Regular monitoring of the crop and early intervention can significantly reduce losses and improve yield quality.