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Cotton field to prevent snails
In recent years, increased rainfall and higher soil moisture levels have contributed to a rise in the number of fallen leaves in cotton fields. This has created favorable conditions for snail infestations, which have become more prevalent due to expanded intercropping with cotton. As a result, it is essential to pay close attention to monitoring and managing snail populations to prevent potential crop damage.
Snails typically complete one life cycle per year. They overwinter beneath the roots of winter crops, in haystacks, or in loose soil. In March, they begin feeding on overwintering crops, while some individuals start damaging cotton seedlings on seedbeds as early as April. Cotton transplanted after the beginning of the month is particularly vulnerable, as snails can cause significant harm during the seedling stage. This includes leaf damage, loss of growing tips, and even plant death.
During the bud stage, snails move along cotton stems and foliage, chewing on leaves, buds, flowers, and young bolls. This feeding behavior leads to leaf loss, bud drop, and damage to the developing cotton bolls. The damaged bolls may fall off prematurely, and those that remain often develop cracks, making them more susceptible to disease and pests.
In the boll-opening phase, snails feed on moist cotton fibers, causing exposed seeds, stuck bolls, and rotting bolls. Their secretions and excrement can contaminate the lint, reducing its quality and market value.
To effectively manage snail infestations in cotton fields, a combination of agricultural and chemical methods should be used. Field debris and weeds from intercropped crops should be removed promptly. During the snail's reproductive period, regular soil cultivation helps expose eggs to the elements, leading to desiccation and reduced survival. At peak snail activity, dried weeds—half-dried and fragrant—are often placed in the field to attract and trap them.
Chemical control options include using baits such as prochloraz (6% polyacetal carvacene granules) mixed with bran, cottonseed meal, vegetables, lettuce leaves, or tender grass. These baits should be scattered in the evening around the cotton fields to maximize effectiveness. Combining these strategies ensures better long-term management of snail populations and minimizes damage to the cotton crop.