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How to shade the greenhouse vegetable greenhouses in the summer (on)
In summer, many vegetable farmers use shading techniques to lower the temperature inside their greenhouses and protect crops from excessive heat. In practice, farmers employ a variety of methods—some opt for black and silver shade nets to cool down the environment, while others apply mud or ink on plastic films to achieve similar results. These different approaches can significantly impact the effectiveness of shading. The author explores the advantages and disadvantages of current shading methods in greenhouses, as well as key considerations when implementing cooling strategies.
Choosing shade nets wisely is essential. The primary purpose of a shade net is to reduce light intensity and lower temperatures within the greenhouse. Covering with shade nets is a crucial strategy during hot seasons to ensure healthy plant growth. However, using the wrong type of net can lead to weak, leggy plants and poor flowering or fruiting. Therefore, it's important to select shade nets scientifically and rationally based on crop needs.
It’s a common mistake to judge the quality of shade nets by color alone. Black and silver-gray are the most common options available today. Black nets offer high shading rates and quick cooling, making them suitable for short-term use in areas with strict temperature control. Silver-gray nets have lower shading rates and are better suited for high-light crops that require longer exposure, such as tomatoes. The color of the net doesn't determine its quality—it's added during the manufacturing process. Different crops have different light requirements. For example, tomatoes need 11–13 hours of sunlight per day to grow strong and flower earlier. While light duration isn’t the most critical factor, light intensity directly affects yield and quality. Insufficient light can lead to stunted growth, weak stems, and reduced fruit production. Tomatoes thrive at around 70,000 lux, with a compensation point between 30,000 and 3.5 million lux. During midday in summer, light intensity often reaches 90,000–100,000 lux. A black net with up to 70% shading may not provide enough light for optimal tomato growth. On the other hand, silver-gray nets with 40–45% shading allow 40,000–50,000 lux of light, which meets the needs of tomatoes. Thus, silver-gray nets are generally the best choice.
Another important consideration is the material used to make the shade net. There are two main types available: high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and recycled materials. HDPE nets are durable, resistant to aging, and can last up to four years. Recycled nets, however, tend to be of lower quality, harder to handle, and may emit unpleasant odors. They usually only last one season. When purchasing, farmers should pay attention to the material and density rather than just the weight. Some unscrupulous sellers may sell low-quality nets by weight, claiming they are the same as higher-quality ones. It’s wise to compare both the area and weight when buying, and to check the net’s texture and thickness to ensure it meets the required standards.