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How to prevent garlic soft rot?
For the prevention and control of garlic soft rot, a comprehensive approach should be adopted. It is recommended to choose flat land with good drainage and irrigation systems, as well as soil rich in organic matter, which has strong water and nutrient retention capacity. Avoid planting garlic in fields previously used for garlic cultivation. Apply high-quality organic manure and cake fertilizer in combination with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote healthy seedling growth and enhance plant resistance to diseases, thereby reducing the occurrence of physiological disorders.
Soil treatment is crucial in areas where soft rot has already been observed. You can spray 77% thiram wettable powder diluted at 600 times, applying 100 kg per acre, directly into the planting furrows after sowing. Alternatively, mix copper sulfate, quicklime, and ash in a ratio of 1:1:100 and apply it to the planting furrows. These treatments help create an unfavorable environment for pathogen development.
Chemical control measures should be implemented before or during the early stages of disease onset. Spraying 72% streptomycin WP at 3000–4000 times dilution, 47% mancozeb at 750 times, or 50% iprodione at 1000 times, is effective. Spray every 5–7 days, and repeat the process 2–3 times depending on the severity of the disease. Focus on the affected plants and their surrounding area, especially the base of the stems. If symptoms persist after initial treatments, consider using 72% streptomycin WP at 400 times dilution or 77% thiram WP at 500–800 times, applying 50 kg per mu. Spray 2–3 times daily, spaced 7–10 days apart. Additionally, neomycin solution at 3000–4000 times, 50% carbendazim at 500–800 times, 75% chlorothalonil WP at 500–800 times, or 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 600–1000 times can be applied directly to the bulbs for better efficacy.
Regular monitoring of the field is essential to detect early signs of infection and ensure timely intervention. Combining cultural, biological, and chemical methods will significantly improve the management of garlic soft rot and protect crop yield and quality.