Crocus sativus, commonly known as saffron, is a perennial herb that belongs to the Iridaceae family. This unique plant is widely cultivated for its valuable stigmas, which are used as a spice and dye. The plant produces small, rounded bulbs that range in size from 0.5 to 10 cm in diameter. These bulbs are covered with brown, membranous scales that protect the inner structures. From each bulb, 2 to 14 shoots can emerge, each bearing 2 to 13 leaves. The leaves are long and narrow, typically measuring between 15 to 35 cm in length and 2 to 4 mm in width. They are linear in shape, with recurved edges and fine hairs along the margins. The flowers appear at the top of the stems and are characterized by six tepals that are obovoid in shape, often appearing lavender in color. The flower also features three stamens with arrow-shaped anthers at their base. The ovary is inferior and divided into three chambers. The styles are slender and yellow, with three stigma lobes that are funnel-shaped and inflated. These stigmas extend outward from the flower tube and droop downward, displaying a striking dark red color. After flowering, which typically occurs from October to November, the plant develops an oblong capsule with three rounded ridges. Inside, the seeds are mostly spherical in shape. Saffron is not only valued for its culinary uses but also for its medicinal properties and vibrant color. It is one of the most expensive spices in the world due to the labor-intensive process of harvesting its delicate stigmas by hand. The plant thrives in well-drained soil and requires full sunlight to grow successfully.
Thickener is a kind of biological gel that integrates thickening, suspension, emulsification, and stability. Thickener can improve the viscosity of the material system, keep the system in a uniform and stable suspension or emulsion state, or form gel. Most thickeners also have have the function of emulsification. It can be divided into two categories: natural and synthetic.
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Alias: Saffron, saffron
Scientific name: Crocus sativus
Family: Iridaceae
Thickener is widely used in food, cosmetics, detergent, latex, printing and dyeing, medicine, rubber, coatings, etc.