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The reason for the low fertility of wild boars
In recent years, special wild boars have become a delicacy for many due to their unique flavor, rich game taste, and high lean meat content. These animals are known for their strong adaptability, low susceptibility to disease, ability to thrive on roughage like grass and weeds, and low feeding costs. As a result, raising wild boars has become an attractive and profitable option for many farmers. However, some farm households have experienced poor reproductive performance due to improper feeding and management during the breeding process, which significantly impacts breeding efficiency.
The main reasons behind low fertility in male wild boars and possible solutions are as follows:
1. **Improper Feeding Practices**: Wild boars are naturally herbivorous, primarily consuming leaves and weeds. This dietary trait should be maintained even in captivity. Ideally, 60%-70% of their diet should consist of green feed such as grass and vegetables. Some farmers mistakenly apply pig-rearing techniques, using full-priced commercial feeds, which not only increases costs but also leads to overfeeding. Excess nutrients can cause males to become overweight, making it difficult for them to mate or even causing infertility. To prevent this, feeding should be controlled, with green feed as the main component and increased physical activity encouraged.
2. **Nutritional Imbalances**: Male boars require adequate levels of crude protein and essential vitamins. A lack or imbalance in these nutrients can weaken their health and reduce semen quality, leading to thin, low-volume semen with poor sperm motility and viability. Deficiencies in minerals like calcium, manganese, and zinc can also lead to reduced libido and testicular degeneration. To address this, a balanced diet is crucial. Farmers should provide high-protein feeds like fish meal, soybean meal, and shrimp meal throughout the year, along with plenty of vitamin-rich green vegetation. In northern regions where fresh green feed is limited in winter, vitamin supplements, juicy green feeds, and mineral sources like bone meal or shell powder can be added to improve semen quality.
3. **Lack of Exercise and Poor Fitness**: Overuse or insufficient exercise can weaken a boar's physical condition, leading to reduced stamina and mating refusal. To counter this, regular exercise is essential. Allowing boars to walk 1.5 to 2 kilometers daily for 1 to 2 hours can greatly enhance their physical fitness, boost libido, and improve sperm motility. This simple yet effective practice plays a vital role in maintaining the reproductive health of male wild boars.
By addressing these factors—proper feeding, balanced nutrition, and sufficient exercise—farmers can significantly improve the fertility and overall productivity of their wild boar herds.