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The reason for the low fertility of wild boars
In recent years, wild boars have become a popular delicacy due to their unique flavor, rich game taste, and high lean meat content. These animals are known for their strong adaptability, low susceptibility to disease, and ability to thrive on roughage like grass and weeds, which makes them an economical choice for farming. As a result, raising wild boars has become a quick and profitable venture for many farmers. However, some farmers have experienced poor reproductive performance due to improper feeding and management during breeding, which negatively affects breeding efficiency. Below are the main reasons for low fertility in male wild boars and the corresponding solutions.
First, improper feeding practices can significantly impact the fertility of breeding boars. Wild boars are naturally adapted to eating leaves and weeds, so this diet should be maintained even in captivity. At least 60% to 70% of their feed should consist of green vegetation such as grass and vegetables. Some farmers mistakenly apply pig-feeding techniques by using full-priced commercial feeds, which not only increases costs but also leads to overfeeding. This results in excessive weight gain, making it difficult for boars to mate or causing sows to be unable to mount. To prevent this, feeding should be controlled, with green feed as the main component, and regular exercise should be encouraged to maintain physical fitness.
Second, an unbalanced nutrient supply is another key factor affecting fertility. Male boars require higher levels of crude protein and essential vitamins. If these nutrients are lacking or imbalanced, it can lead to poor body condition and reduced semen quality, resulting in low sperm count, thin semen, and decreased fertility. Deficiencies in minerals like calcium, manganese, and zinc can also cause testicular degeneration and lower libido. Therefore, it's important to ensure a balanced diet. High-protein feeds like fish meal, soybean meal, and shrimp should be provided year-round, along with plenty of vitamin-rich green feed. In northern regions where fresh green feed is scarce in winter, vitamin supplements, calcium-rich juicy feed, hay powder, and mineral additives like bone meal or shell can help improve semen quality effectively.
Third, lack of exercise and poor physical condition can also reduce fertility. Overuse or insufficient activity can weaken the boar’s health and lead to disinterest in mating. To address this, daily exercise of 1 to 2 hours, covering a distance of 1.5 to 2 kilometers, is recommended. This helps build strength, boost libido, and enhance sperm motility. Regular physical activity is crucial for maintaining the overall health and reproductive performance of male wild boars.
By addressing these issues through proper feeding, balanced nutrition, and adequate exercise, farmers can significantly improve the fertility and breeding success of their wild boars.