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Autumn colonies should focus on management
Group management and breeding positioning are essential for efficient dairy cow farming. Group management involves organizing adult cows based on their lactation stage, while heifers are managed separately on a monthly basis. Positioning and rearing require that each cow, whether mature or a heifer, has a fixed resting area for feeding and daily care. This helps build consistency and improves overall productivity.
A fixed feeding schedule is crucial to maintain stable feed varieties. Whether transitioning from fine to roughage or vice versa, the feeding plan should remain consistent and not be changed without proper planning. When switching feeds, a one-week transition period is recommended to avoid digestive issues in the animals.
Feed formulation must be both rational and scientific. Diets should be designed according to the nutritional requirements of the cows, ensuring adequate dry matter intake and maintaining a balance between energy and crude protein. During winter, energy-rich feeds should be increased, while in summer, protein content should be adjusted accordingly to support milk production and health.
The barn layout needs to be well-equipped with feeding troughs, water troughs, and salt tanks, allowing cows to access roughage and fresh water freely. In summer, avoid feeding moldy or spoiled feed, and in winter, do not provide frozen feed or cold water to prevent health problems.
Stable and experienced breeders are key to successful management. Keepers should remain consistent and develop a good relationship with the cows. They should closely monitor each cow’s behavior, appetite, and overall condition to ensure early detection of any health issues.
Maintaining a comfortable environment is important year-round. In winter, ensure the barn is warm, especially when temperatures drop below -15°C. In summer, take cooling measures when temperatures exceed 26°C to prevent heat stress.
Hygiene is critical for disease prevention. Keep the barn, surrounding areas, and exercise yards clean. Regularly remove manure, keep the ground moist in summer, and free of ice in winter. Clean all feeding and milking equipment regularly, and brush cows daily to maintain cleanliness.
Finally, strict milking procedures must be followed. Milkers should remain consistent, and milking times should be fixed daily. A logical milking order should be maintained to reduce stress and improve efficiency. These practices contribute to better milk quality, higher yields, and healthier herds.