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Rapeseed Insect Pests - Prevention and Control of Plutella xylostella
Plutella xylostella, commonly known as the diamondback moth, is one of the most destructive pests affecting rapeseed crops. In severe infestations, it can cause significant yield losses, even leading to total crop failure. This pest typically completes 3–4 generations per growing season, and overlapping generations make its management more challenging. To effectively control this pest, the following strategies are recommended:
First, early monitoring and timely intervention are crucial. Farmers should closely track the population dynamics of the diamondback moth, especially in regions where infestations were severe the previous year. Field inspections should begin when rapeseed plants have 8–10 leaves. If more than 20 larvae are found per square meter, immediate spraying is necessary. It's recommended to apply insecticides 3–4 times to ensure effective control.
Second, selecting the right pesticide is essential. There are various options available, such as 25% Huifengchuang, 4.5% cypermethrin, 2.5% Kung Fu, 35% Gram Moth, and 0.9% Efford. However, farmers should always verify that the product has a valid "pesticide business license" to avoid counterfeit or low-quality products that may be ineffective or harmful.
Third, proper application techniques are key to maximizing effectiveness. The concentration of the pesticide solution should be appropriate—too weak may not work, while too strong could waste resources or harm the crop. For example, in areas with hard water, increasing the concentration slightly can improve efficacy. When mixing the solution, always add the pesticide first, then water, to ensure even distribution.
Different pesticides require different dilution rates. For instance, 4.5% cypermethrin EC should be diluted 1000–1500 times, 25% Huifengchuang at 1500 times, 2.5% Kung Fu at 2000 times, and 0.9% Efford at 2000 times. In cases of heavy infestation, adjusting the concentration accordingly can enhance control.
Fourth, sufficient spray volume and thorough coverage are important. When rapeseed has more than 10 leaves or after bolting, each acre should be sprayed with 1.5 sprayers (15 liters each). Once the plant reaches 60 cm in height, larger branches may form, so using 2.5 liters of prepared solution per mu ensures full coverage. Spraying should be done carefully, covering all parts of the plant—up, down, left, and right—to ensure maximum contact with the pest.
Finally, group-based and coordinated control efforts are highly effective. During peak infestation periods, when multiple generations overlap, it's critical to implement synchronized spraying across entire villages. By organizing a unified spraying schedule, all farmers in a region can treat their fields within 3–5 days, which helps eliminate both larvae and adult moths before they lay eggs. Repeating the process 3–4 times during severe outbreaks can achieve over 90% control efficiency, significantly reducing damage to the crop. (Yu Yong)