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Rice pests and diseases comprehensive control technology strategy
According to current rice growth conditions and production requirements, the main pests and diseases that need attention include the third and fourth generations of rice leaf rollers, third and fourth generations of rice planthoppers, second and third generations of rice stem borers, as well as thrips in mid and late rice fields. Additionally, sheath blight and other diseases are also major concerns. For high-quality rice, it's essential to monitor and control pests such as rice weevils, leafhoppers, and neck rot on panicles.
To effectively manage these issues, the following integrated pest management strategies should be implemented:
1. **Agricultural Prevention**: Apply practices like deep plowing and crop rotation to reduce pest populations. Timely field operations help lower disease incidence and minimize the number of insects in the field.
2. **Biological Control**: Protect natural predators and promote the use of bio-pesticides such as Bt for controlling rice borers and Jinggangmycin for sheath blight. Creating a favorable environment for beneficial organisms can significantly reduce pest outbreaks.
3. **Physical Control**: Use light traps, such as high-pressure mercury lamps or frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps, to capture adult moths during peak periods. This helps reduce egg laying and eases the need for chemical interventions.
4. **Chemical Control**: Apply high-efficiency, low-toxicity, and low-residue pesticides according to local resistance monitoring. Follow strict application guidelines regarding dosage, frequency, and safety intervals to ensure both effective control and rice quality safety.
For specific pests:
- **Rice Borers and Stem Borers**: During the dry sheath stage of seedlings, apply 36–45 grams per acre or 45–55 grams of trichlorfon. In sericulture areas, avoid using insecticides with double or single components.
- **White-backed Planthoppers**: When egg blocks exceed 50 per mu, chemical control is necessary.
- **Rice Leaf Rollers**: Target the first and second instar larvae during the tillering stage. Treatments like Ruijinte, Shanrui, and chlorpyrifos should be sprayed on the upper parts of the plant.
- **Rice Planthoppers**: When nymphs reach about 1,500 per square meter, use 7–10 grams of buprofezin or 1.5–2 grams of imidacloprid per 50 kg water, focusing on the lower parts of the plants.
For diseases:
- **Rice Blast**: Apply Tricyclazole, Fuji No. 1, or Inabae when the disease appears.
- **Sheath Blight**: Spray Jinggangmycin two times during the tillering and booting stages if the incidence reaches 15–20% and over 30%, respectively.
- **Thrips and Late Blight**: Use "He Ling" for control.
In areas where certain varieties suffer from bacterial blight, timely application of potassium fertilizer is recommended.
Additionally, pay attention to emerging threats such as rice gall midges, rice weevils, rice dwarf disease, false smut, base rot, and downy mildew. Strengthen monitoring and adopt improved prevention techniques.
Finally, promote the use of new pesticide technologies and improve application methods to reduce runoff, leakage, and waste. The "Guardian" brand manual sprayer is highly recommended for efficient and environmentally friendly spraying.