Effect of Harmful Gas on Pig Breeding and Control Measures

I. Impact of harmful gases on pigs Gases in pig houses that are harmful to the health and production of pigs or to human health and work efficiency are collectively referred to as harmful gases. Hazardous gas in piggery usually includes NH3, H2S, CO2, CH4, CO, etc., and is mainly produced by pigs' breathing, excrement, feed, and decomposition. (I) Ammonia (NH3) Ammonia is a colorless, volatile, odor-stimulating gas, lighter than air, and easily soluble in dry water. Ammonia is often easily dissolved in the respiratory tract and conjunctiva of the pig, causing mucosal congestion, edema, conjunctivitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, and pulmonary edema; ammonia can also enter the bloodstream through the alveoli, and low concentrations of ammonia act on the central nervous system. , can make the respiratory and vascular center excited, high concentrations of ammonia can cause central nervous paralysis, toxic liver disease and myocardial damage. Long-term exposure of ammonia to pigs at low concentrations can lead to reduced resistance to pigs, increased morbidity and mortality, and reduced productivity. The concentration of ammonia gas in the sow house must not exceed 15mg/m, and the rest should not exceed 20mg/m. (II) Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless, volatile, odor-smelling, soluble Water, heavier than air, has a higher concentration near the ground. Hydrogen sulfide is readily attached to the respiratory mucosa and conjunctiva of the eye, and combines with sodium ions to form sodium sulfide, which produces a strong irritant to the mucous membranes, causing ophthalmia and inflammation of the respiratory tract. Pigs in a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide pigs photophobia, tearing eyes, conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, pharyngeal burns, cough, bronchitis, bronchitis incidence is high, severe cases of toxic pneumonia, pulmonary edema Wait. For a long period of time in a low concentration of hydrogen sulfide, the pig's constitution weakens, its resistance decreases, and its weight gain is slow. When the concentration of hydrogen sulfide is 30 mg/m, the pig becomes light-phobic, loses appetite and nervousness, and above 80 mg/m, it can cause vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea. The hydrogen sulfide content in the pig house must not exceed 10 mg/m3. (C) Carbon dioxide (CO2) Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless, slightly sour gas. Non-toxic carbon dioxide, but the high carbon dioxide content in the house, the relative lack of oxygen content, will make pigs appear chronic hypoxia, apathetic, loss of appetite, weight gain, physical weakness, susceptible to chronic infection. The CO2 content in the pig house is not required to exceed 0.15%~0.2%. (4) Carbon monoxide (CO) Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas and hardly soluble in water. In a piggery that is heated by a stove, it is often caused by insufficient combustion of coal. . Carbon monoxide binds easily to hemoglobin, which transports oxygen in the blood. It binds hemoglobin 200 to 300 times more efficiently than oxygen and hemoglobin. Inhalation of carbon monoxide in the body, the body can make oxygen, causing respiratory, circulatory and nervous system lesions, resulting in poisoning. Carbon monoxide in sows, abruption sows, suckling piglets and weaned pigs in late pregnancy should not exceed 5mg/m3. Carbon monoxide in breeding boars, empty arms and pre-pregnancy sows and breeding pighouses must not exceed 15mg/rn3, and fattening pigs should not exceed 20mg/m3. Rn. The above values ​​are the maximum allowable concentration at one time.

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