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The reason and prevention of estrus in sows after sows
After sowing, the sow may experience recurrent estrus, which is a common complication following incomplete castration. This condition is characterized by symptoms such as restlessness, increased vocalization, and reduced appetite, all of which can negatively impact growth, weight gain, and ultimately lead to economic losses for the breeder.
**Causes of Recurrent Estrus**
1. **Incomplete Castration**: If only one ovary and part of the uterine horn are removed, the remaining tissue continues to function, leading to recurring estrus symptoms.
2. **Prolonged Uterine Horns**: In some cases, when gilts are castrated, the junction between the two uterine horns is left too long. As the sow grows, these structures continue to develop, forming dense networks of blood vessels and nerves that trigger estrus-like behavior.
3. **Cervical Vesicles**: A few sows may develop a bulge in the cervical area, often filled with fluid and surrounded by proliferating blood vessels, which can mimic the signs of estrus.
4. **Residual Ovarian Tissue**: In rare cases, even if the uterus is removed, residual ovarian tissue left inside the abdominal cavity may continue to function, causing periodic estrus symptoms.
**Prevention and Treatment**
To prevent this issue, it's essential to perform complete castration on gilts. This involves removing both ovaries and the uterus, along with a portion of the cervix to ensure no remaining tissue can cause future problems.
For sows that have already experienced recurrent estrus, surgical intervention is often necessary. The procedure involves making an incision in the abdominal wall, similar to a "big peach cut," and carefully examining the internal organs to locate any remaining ovarian or uterine tissue. If found, these tissues should be removed immediately.
If no remnants are visible but the cervix feels thick and firm, it may be possible to gently pull it out. In more difficult cases, sterile chopsticks can be inserted through the vagina to assist in the removal. Once the tissue is extracted, it should be ligated and the incision carefully sutured. All steps must be performed under strict sterile conditions to avoid infection.
In situations where the cervix is deeply embedded and hard to remove, a small incision can be made to puncture any vesicles that have formed, followed by suturing the wound. This method can effectively resolve the issue without further complications.
By understanding the causes and taking proactive measures, breeders can significantly reduce the occurrence of post-castration estrus, ensuring better health and productivity in their livestock.