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Hybrid Rice Production Technique Market
**Three-Word Hybrid Rice Seed Production Technology: A Comprehensive Guide**
Source: Seed Technology
Category: Technical Articles
Update Time: 2008-12-16 17:15:49
Read: 3 times
The "Three-Word" hybrid rice seed production technology is a well-established method that combines scientific irrigation, precise flowering prediction, and effective pest control to ensure high-quality seed production. This article provides an in-depth look at the key techniques involved.
### 4. Scientific Water Management Techniques
#### 4.1 Shallow Water Irrigation Period
During the tillering stage, maintaining shallow water levels helps create a stable environment for seedlings. This promotes early root development and faster greening. Shallow irrigation also increases soil temperature, enhances the day-night temperature difference, and encourages earlier and more vigorous tiller growth.
#### 4.2 Wet (Dry, Sun) Field Period
From the end of tillering to the beginning of panicle differentiation, it's important to drain the field slightly to improve tiller and spike percentage while suppressing unproductive tillers. In certain conditions, such as deep mud or fertile fields, controlled sun exposure can improve soil structure and promote stronger root systems. Intermittent irrigation during the grain-filling period helps maintain leaf function, increase grain weight, and reduce empty grains.
#### 4.3 Deep Water Irrigation
During the seedling and heading stages, especially when temperatures are high, deep water irrigation is essential. It helps maintain physiological and ecological water needs and protects the crop from heat stress. Studies show that 7 cm of deep water can lower temperatures by about 0.5°C, improving pollination and seed quality.
### 5. Flowering Forecasting Techniques
#### 5.1 Four-Leaf Prediction Method
This technique involves observing the four-leaf stage of the main stem to predict the heading time. If the seedlings are healthy, the heading period may occur earlier. Otherwise, it may be delayed. This method is useful for planning cross-pollination.
#### 5.2 Nutrient Period Prediction
The duration of the vegetative growth phase affects the timing of heading. Good weather and proper management can speed up growth, while dense planting or poor conditions may delay it. However, this rule applies mainly to the vegetative stage, not the reproductive one.
#### 5.3 Inverted Four-Leaf Prediction
When the parent enters the inverted five-leaf stage, applying 10 mg/kg of a specific solution and examining under a microscope can help determine if the stem tip has entered the inverted four-leaf stage. Using regression equations like y=1.21x–0.23 allows for accurate prediction of the flowering period.
### 6. Mastering the "Three Easies" and "Three Difficulties" in Flowering Regulation
#### 6.1 Understanding the "Three Easies" and "Three Difficulties"
Early adjustments are easier, while late ones are more difficult. Adjusting during the young panicle stage is challenging due to limited options. Delayed heading is hard to reverse, and adjusting the mother plant is costly and complex.
#### 6.2 Main Adjustment Techniques
Agronomic practices, such as cutting heads or managing fertilization, can influence heading time. Fertilizer and water management, including nitrogen control and potassium promotion, can either delay or accelerate flowering. Hormone treatments like paclobutrazol and 920 can also be used to regulate growth.
### 7. Integrated Pest Control Technology
#### 7.1 Seed Disinfection
Disinfecting seeds before sowing is crucial to prevent diseases like rice blast and bacterial blight. Proper disinfectant concentration and timing significantly reduce disease occurrence.
#### 7.2 Prevention and Comprehensive Control
Field pests and diseases should be addressed proactively. Timely application of protective chemicals and monitoring local conditions help prevent outbreaks and ensure healthy crops.
### 8. Effective Application of 920 Technology
#### 8.1 Timely Spraying
Spraying 920 should be done based on the sensitivity of the parents. Different varieties have different spray thresholds, such as 5–10% for Fengyuan A and 25–30% for T98A.
#### 8.2 Appropriate Dosing
Doses vary depending on the variety. For example, V20A requires 25–30g per acre, while T98A needs only 12g. The first spray should be 30% of the total dose, with the remaining 70% applied later.
#### 8.3 Spraying Methods
Weather conditions play a key role in spraying. Dry and windy days require more water, while rainy days need less. Spraying should be timed to match the flowering period of the female parent for maximum effectiveness.
### 9. Ensuring Seed Purity Through Isolation, Cleaning, and Storage
#### 9.1 Strict Isolation
Proper isolation using natural barriers, spatial distance, or timing differences between varieties prevents cross-pollination and ensures seed purity.
#### 9.2 Impurity Removal
Removing unwanted plants during the heading stage and after ensures that only high-quality hybrids remain. Careful inspection and removal of mutants and contaminants are essential.
#### 9.3 Standardized Operations
From seed collection to packaging, strict procedures must be followed to avoid contamination. Separating male and female parents throughout the process maintains seed quality.
### 10. Ensuring Seed Quality Through Prevention, Harvesting, and Drying
#### 10.1 Post-Maturity Management
Controlling fertilizer and water use during the mature stage prevents lodging and reduces the risk of diseases like smut. Timely pesticide application is also critical.
#### 10.2 Harvesting at the Right Time
Harvesting should occur when 80% of the seeds are mature. Choosing fine weather for harvesting and drying ensures clean, high-quality seeds.
#### 10.3 Drying After Rain
If rain occurs after harvest, seeds should be spread on dry surfaces to prevent mold. Low-temperature drying and proper ventilation help reduce moisture and maintain seed viability.
This comprehensive guide highlights the importance of precise techniques in hybrid rice seed production, ensuring both quality and yield. By following these methods, farmers can achieve better results and contribute to sustainable agriculture.