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Selection and use of agricultural motors
In agricultural production, various production machines are widely used to drive the motor. Correct selection of the motor matched with the mechanical load can make the motor run in the most economical and reasonable way, thus achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption and improving efficiency. .
First, the selection of the motor
The choice of the motor, first of all to understand the mechanical load characteristics of the motor, according to the type and characteristics of the mechanical load to select the rated capacity, rated speed, rated voltage and type of the motor.
To select a motor for a production machine, you must first choose the power of the motor. The power of the motor is usually chosen according to the needs of the production mechanical load. At the same time, the working system of the load is also considered. That is, the selected motor should be adapted to the continuous, short-term or intermittent duty of the mechanical load. Power selection should not be too large or too small. The selection is small, and the normal operation of the motor and the production machine cannot be guaranteed; although it is large, although it can guarantee normal operation, it is uneconomical, the motor capacity cannot be fully utilized, and the motor is often unable to operate at full load, so that the efficiency and power factor are not high.
Secondly, according to the power supply voltage condition, the rated voltage and frequency of the selected motor are required to be consistent with the power supply voltage and frequency. The speed of the motor must be selected according to the requirements on the nameplate of the production machinery, otherwise the performance of the production machine may be changed. In addition, the structure, protection, cooling and installation of the motor should be adapted to the requirements of the use of environmental conditions, and it is necessary to strive for installation, commissioning and maintenance to ensure safe and reliable operation of the motor.
Second, the maintenance of the motor
Before starting the motor, first check whether the motor assembly is flexible, whether the winding insulation resistance meets the requirements, whether there is any jamming in the rotating part, and whether the starting and protection equipment of the motor is in compliance with the requirements, such as whether the motor grounding device is in good condition, selected Whether the low-voltage circuit breaker, contactor, and fuse are configured correctly. When the motor is started, the number of starts cannot be too much, otherwise the motor may overheat and burn out.
During the operation of the motor, the voltage, current and temperature should be closely monitored. The operating voltage of the motor should be strictly controlled within the range of variation. Otherwise, the motor may overheat. Similarly, the current should not be too high or too low. It reflects the load of the motor, the mechanical load is too heavy, the motor is overloaded for a long time, the current will rise, and the motor will be overheated. If the motor load is too light, the "large horse-drawn car" will be formed, and the motor capacity will not be able to Take advantage of.
In daily maintenance, you should also closely monitor the motor for abnormal noise or vibration, check whether the screw is loose or loose, and regularly check and repair the motor, remove external dust in time, and regularly change the lubricant.
Third, the motor common fault
The common faults of the motor mainly include rotor broom, vibration, winding inter-turn or inter-layer short-circuit, winding grounding, stator winding phase loss operation, stator winding end-to-end reverse connection, three-phase current unbalance, and iron core silicon steel sheet insulation damage.
Noise and additional load may occur when the motor vibrates, which may be caused by poor transmission or by the motor itself. For example, the rotor dynamic balance is not good, the shaft is bent, the installation is not in place, the fasteners are loose, and so on.
The reason for the motor phase loss operation is mainly caused by the fuse of the line fuse being melted or the current setting value is not suitable, and the contact of the switch contact is poor. If the running time is too long, the motor will burn out.
The three-phase voltage imbalance of the power supply or the short-circuit between the turns of the winding will cause the three-phase current to be unbalanced. The reverse connection of the stator winding will cause the temperature of the motor to rise. If the winding is grounded or short-circuited, the current will be too large. The insulation of the iron-core silicon steel sheet will cause the motor to be damaged. Overheating, etc. In short, in actual operation, it is necessary to correctly analyze the cause of motor failure, strengthen inspection and maintenance, and find and eliminate the fault of the motor as soon as possible to ensure the safe operation of the motor.
Tag: Agricultural motor