Black curd vinegar is also known as "black currants, black beans fruit." It is a perennial small shrub, with a general life of 15-20 years or more. Its small berries are black and appear as spikes. It is a kind of fruit tree with strong cold resistance. In the cold climate in the northern part of the country, even if it is not cold-proof, it will not completely freeze. Cuttings of black vinegar are very easy to root and it is very easy to reproduce. There is no thorn on the stem for easy management. The results start as early as the beginning of the second year after planting and the third year begins with high yields. The fruit has high nutritional value and is suitable for processing into various processed products with high economic benefits. Therefore, it is an important fruit tree in the north. The juice of black vinegar is red and transparent, with a sugar content of 7-13%, containing citric acid and malic acid. 1.8-3.7%, contains a lot of vitamins A, B, C, P. Most of the vitamin C content is rare in fruits. There are 98-417 milligrams per 100 grams of fresh fruit. It can be used to make famous wines (purple raspberry, blackcurrant), blackcurrant sugar jams, cakes and refreshing beverages with high nutritional value. It is welcomed by domestic and foreign markets and is one of the main materials for exporting in the north. The pollution-free cultivation technology of black panicle vinegar can effectively solve its problems in production, so as to achieve the purpose of high yield, high quality, low consumption, and high efficiency.
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1, suitable for pollution-free black panicle vinegar varieties: first of all to use resistance to disease, cold-resistant varieties, such as Oybin, black gold stars, early black and so on.
2, the choice of land: black vinegar millet hi light warm, hi fertile soil, so should choose fertile land. Do not choose poorly-drained marshland on the plains. In the gentle slopes where the slopes are no more than 10 degrees, the open river valley is better than the unopened valley. The cold air in the closed river valleys cannot be discharged and the night frost is heavy. , easy to freeze the young fruit. When constructing a garden, you should also consider that the selected plots should be easy to manage and easy to mechanize.
3. Colonization management: The colonization period can be early spring and late autumn. The early spring is planted in late April. When the soil has thaw and the buds have not yet sprouted, the sensation is good and it is conducive to the survival of the seedlings. However, the seedlings planted in the spring are later than the budding planted in the previous year. Late autumn planting will be carried out before the soil is frozen in the middle and late October, and the survival rate with planting is higher. The seedlings planted in late autumn sprout early in the spring and grow well. In the autumn, after freezing and freezing the frozen water, it is buried in cold and overwintering. The soil thickness is 20-30 cm, and the compaction is strictly controlled. The soil is removed in the middle or late April of the second year, and then the water is germinated once. Seedlings planted in spring should be soiled after 2 days of irrigation. After the seedlings are planted in the spring, the survival of the seedlings is checked and the dead plants are planted in time.
4. Field management: Fertilization has a significant effect on the yield increase of black panicle vinegar, which is carried out in autumn and early spring. Generally, the soil is covered by open trenches, and the location of the fertilization ditch is opened year by year. The ditch is also deepened and widened until the whole line is fertilized. As a result, the manure is applied to the farm and the orchard with an output of 500 kilograms per mu is used. More than 1,000 kilograms of farmyard manure is used in the mu, and fertilizer should be topdressed with diammonium in time. The amount of use according to the discretion of the seedlings. Irrigation generally uses furrow irrigation. In early April, water is used to fill shoots. In late May, fruit water is used for irrigation. In mid-June, fruit water is filled. In late October, frozen water is poured. Irrigation must make the range of the root system soaked. Paul. In places where there is a lot of rain and water in the summer and autumn, drains should be applied or green manure crops should be planted. Afterwards, the green manure is turned to the soil to increase fertilizer efficiency. In order to ensure robust growth and fruiting of the black panicle and vinegar plants, weeds and weeds must be removed around the strains. During the fertility period, it was turned to the ground twice and weeding several times. In the fall, the basal fertilizer was used for shallow ploughing and the depth was 15-20 cm. Weeding can be done with man-made chemicals when it is necessary. We can choose to use chlorpheniramine, liguron or trifluralin.
5, pruning: pruning without the integrity of the strains, more basal branches, branches less dense branches, poor ventilation and light transmission, low results, low yield, a few years after the aging of the strains. The pruning of black vinegar can be carried out from May to July after flowering, mainly by loosing the young basal branches, but also by cutting out the branches with long legs, dense branches, or branches with diseases or insect pests. After germination, a large number of basal shoots stick out of the soil surface, consume nutrients, cause canopy closure, and affect ventilation and light transmission, and can remove unnecessary basal shoots inside and outside the plexus). The basal branches and stems that survived after the summer shear grow strong, and the flower buds are well-differentiated, with good results in the coming year. Spring pruning can also be performed before budding, and spring pruning can cut branches that are mechanically injured and pest-infested without affecting the total number of shoots per plant.
6, winter cold and lift the cold: black pepper vinegar millet cold generally in late October to early November, premature shoots without training, easy to be frozen, late soil freezing is not easy to take soil. Before the cold, burnt off the fallen leaves and put the soil first. Then put the branches together and push them upside down. Then cover the grass bag and cover the soil. All kinds of cold-resistant varieties must be thoroughly buried in the cold, without cold-resistant varieties can be cultivated in the base 10-20 cm. Always check in winter and fill in cracks so as not to ventilate. After the soil is thawed in the following spring, the cold-proof soil is removed, generally in the middle or late April. When the soil is removed from the outside, put the branches up, do not touch the buds, flatten the soil, and remove the soil from the center of the cluster so that the roots do not move up. Tree trays can also be made directly to facilitate irrigation. On the day before the late frost came, the whole garden was flooded with water to raise the local temperature or to avoid frost by smoking methods. Prevention of drawing should be done with cold-tolerant varieties. When constructing a garden, protective forests and natural barriers should be planted at the same time to prevent wind and snow and prevent freezing damage. It is also possible to spray twigs on the surface with polyvinyl alcohol 30-40 times to suppress transpiration.
7. Main pests and diseases: The disease of black panicle and vinegar is more common with powdery mildew and rot disease. In addition to strengthening the management and training of strong strains, it can be used for drug control. Powdery mildew is sprayed with 1% agricultural anti-wuyimycin agent or agricultural anti-120 agent 150-200 times liquid, once every 5-7 days, even 3-4 times, 12.5% ​​TePPZ can be used 2000-2500 times Liquid, can be sprayed 2-3 times in succession, interval 10-15 days. Rotten root disease should be discovered in a timely manner, set aside in time to prevent the spread, after dismantling with lime, sulfur powder to thoroughly sterilize the soil. When filling the seedlings, dig the original soil to dry the soil and plant the seedlings in sterile soil. The basal fertilizer is ploughed to a depth of 15-20 cm. Insect pests are particularly harmful to earthworms, locusts, feathers, moths, and caterpillars. Perianth feather moth is a culprit. When the winter cuts, the affected part can be cut off, and the cut damaged branches can be burned. From the beginning of June to the middle of August, chemical control was conducted. 90% trichlorfon crystals 1000 times, 20% speed kill Ding 3000-4000 times liquid for prevention and treatment. The control of cockroaches and aphids can be controlled by 5 degree lime sulfur spray before sprouting in spring. After sprouting in spring, it can be controlled with 20% dicofol 1000-1500 times. After the harvest in autumn, it was treated with Baume 0.5 degree lime sulfur. Toxic moths and caterpillars must be sprayed with insecticides such as trichlorfon and DDV in the first 2 larvae of larvae.
8. Harvesting: The harvesting, packaging and transportation of fruits are an important part of the production of black panicle vinegar. These work directly affect the yield, quality and fruit's ability to withstand storage and transportation. Therefore, only by doing the above work can we achieve high yields. Good harvest, good quality and high yield, improve product reputation and economic benefits.
The timely harvest period of black panicle vine vinegar was in mid-July and late, and it was ensured that a large number of fruits were harvested within a limited period of time and were processed. Otherwise, the fruit will appear tree or overskilled. Picked fruit into the container should pay attention to cunnilingus, rain, should be placed in a cool and ventilated place. Care must be taken in the handling process. Do not crush and minimize injuries. Otherwise, the breathing will increase, the microbial infection will occur, and the increase in calories will accelerate maturation or rot. In case of hot weather, ice pillows and mechanical ventilation are used. 
