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I. The best time for top dressing
According to the characteristics of fertilizer required during the various phenophases of fruit trees, it is advisable to supply fertilizer in 4 batches throughout the year. The topdressing amount should be flexibly controlled according to tree vigor and age. The application of available fertilizers during the growth period of fruit trees can not only regulate the contradiction between the growth and results of nutrient demand in the current year, but also lay a good foundation for the results of flowering in the coming year.
1. During flowering, the top-dressing fruit trees consume more nutrients from flowering to flowering. If the nutrients are insufficient for storage in the previous year and the nutrient supply is not timely, the flowering period will be prolonged and the fruit setting rate will be reduced. Therefore, appropriate amount of quick-impact fertilizer should be applied before flowering. The conditional person can spray 250 times more borax aqueous solution at flowering time, which can greatly increase the fruit setting rate.
2. After flowering, the young fruit and new shoots grow rapidly after fertilization. In this period, the top dressing can grow robustly, expand the leaf area, increase the photosynthetic productivity, and reduce the physiological fruit drop. If a large amount of fertilizer before flowering, fertilizer can be applied after flowering.
3. Before flower bud differentiation, some new shoots have stopped growing at this stage. The young fruit is rapidly expanding. Applying appropriate amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in time will increase the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves, promote nutrient accumulation, and facilitate the differentiation of flower buds. Reduce the size of the phenomenon.
4. Top-dressing during fruit growth Top-dressing at this stage can not only increase fruit production in the current year, improve quality, but also promote flower bud differentiation and enrichment, increase the late accumulation of nutrients in the tree. Before flowering, two top dressings after flowering should be tightly combined, and quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers should be the main fertilizer. Applying 1 kg urea per mature tree is appropriate. The third and fourth top dressings should be mainly organic fertilizers, and the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied to 50 kg of livestock manure, 1 kg of superphosphate, and 0.5 kg of potassium sulfate for each mature tree. Each application of fertilizer should be combined with watering.
The best part of fertilization
The root hair in the root system is the main part of fruit trees to absorb fertilizer. Therefore, applying the fertilizer to the area where the root hairs are concentrated is one of the important measures to improve fertilizer efficiency. In general, the distribution of horizontal roots is about 1-2 times of the canopy, but most of them are concentrated on the outer edge of the canopy projection and a little farther away. The vertical distribution of the roots
With the tree species, soil quality, and management level vary, the roots of apples, pears, walnuts, chestnuts, and grapes are generally distributed at depths of 70-80 cm, while more than 80% of the roots are concentrated in the soil at depths of about 60 cm. Peach, plum, apricot and other root systems are shallow, most of them are in the soil layer about 40 cm deep. Only by using the above characteristics to grasp the fertilizing parts of fruit trees, can we maximize the effectiveness of fertilizer. In addition, the decomposition of organic fertilizer is slower, and the fertilizer supply period is longer. It is advisable to deepen the application, and chemical fertilizers are more mobile and can be applied shallowly.
Fruit trees "double best" fertilization
"Two-best" fertilization of fruit trees refers to selecting the best time for fertilization; the second is to apply the fertilizer to the best parts of fruit trees.