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Medicine to prevent citrus diseases and pests to talk about methods
Chemical control of citrus pests and diseases must be combined with agricultural control, physical control, biological control, etc. in order to effectively control pests and diseases, and to meet the requirements of pollution-free production. In order to reduce pesticide residues, farmer friends must pay attention to the following issues when using pesticides: First, strictly prohibit the use of highly toxic and high-residue pesticides in accordance with national regulations. Such as 666, DDT, methamidophos, carbofuran (carbofuran), dicofol, etc.; for the restricted use of pesticides should be strictly in accordance with the provisions of the application concentration, dosage form, frequency, mode of administration and safety interval medication. Use oil preparations, sulfur preparations, plant-derived pesticides, copper preparations, microbial pesticides, antibiotic pesticides, specific insecticides, and selective insecticides and fungicides as much as possible. The second is to strengthen the prediction and forecast of pests and diseases, and to grasp the appropriate application period according to the occurrence and occurrence of pests and diseases. The spraying effect is mainly affected by the stage of the disease and pests, generally it is young (nymph larvae) with weak anti-drug and anti-drug in old age. Such as ticks and whiteflies pests, in the young and nymph stage drug control effect is good, later with the worm age, the body attached to the wax shell or wax gradually thickened, its resistance gradually increased, the effect of drug control Gradually decreased, such as the use of excellent music to prevent warts 1 to 2 instar larvae effect is very good, and in the second instar or 3 instar (female adult) initial use is basically ineffective. The vast majority of bactericides are protective agents, and must be sprayed to kill pathogens before the pathogens invade the plant tissues in order to effectively prevent and treat diseases. The third is to use targeted pesticides according to the target of prevention and control. When two kinds of pests and diseases occur concurrently, it is advisable to use their own selective agents to prevent and control them, and not to mix them randomly. Some pesticides can also treat some other diseases or pests, but in the same group they also have good effects on several of them. For example, although Nisolulene is an acaricide, it only works well for leafhoppers such as the orange spider mite, but it is bad for the rust alfalfa; avermectin has a good effect on the rust alfalfa, but it has a good effect on citrus spider mites. The effect is poor. Although pyrethroids, kung-fu, and other pyrethroids can kill fleas, they are not suitable as acaricides because they do not kill eggs and have a short shelf life. They should only occur in insect moths such as moths, flies, mosquitoes, and aphids. For a long time use and concurrent treatment of fleas; acaricides have a certain effect on the larvae, but not for the special killing drugs; wolfberry, konjac, triazolyl, and tolk, etc. can only control orange spider mites And rust niches and other ticks. Although thiophanate and carbendazim are broad-spectrum fungicides, they only have good control effects against penicillium, green mold, and turbid fluid, but they are not ideal for ulcer disease and foot rot. The fourth is rational use of drugs based on environmental factors. Most pharmaceutical agents increase efficacy as the temperature rises during administration, and are most notable in the presence of clotris, triazotin, tolqu, amitraz, and monothymidine, and they are best used above 20°C. Most other pesticides have similar conditions. Therefore, many chemical pesticides should not be used as control agents during the wintering period of citrus pests. The use of lime sulfur and petroleum mineral emulsions in winter, etc., must be doubled to increase the concentration to have a certain effect. In addition, the acaricides such as Nissoline, chlorpyrifos, and amitraz, which only kill eggs, have a long reproductive cycle and a slow recovery of population after spraying in the low-temperature period. Therefore, the control time is long and the control effect is good. The effect of spraying is poor. Immediately after spraying, the solution will be diluted to lose its effect. It is generally required that it does not rain within 8 hours after spraying. The following rain should be re-sprayed. Sunshine mainly affects the temperature and thus affects the control effect. Strong sunshine and drought also aggravate the phytotoxicity of certain pesticides, especially the damage of mineral oil emulsions, lime sulfur and pineine mixture, etc. The fifth is the use of appropriate methods and concentrations of scientific drugs. Parasitic insects on the surface of the tree should be sprayed. Pesticides should be used to block dry insects, and soil poisoning should be used for underground insects. Concentration according to the use of instructions, combined with practical experience, can not arbitrarily increase or decrease the concentration.