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Do not relax after the cherry harvest management
After fruit harvest, cherry trees enter a critical period for flower bud differentiation. This is when the tree is most nutrient-demanding, and proper fertilization at this stage can significantly enhance its ability to form flower buds. In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, essential micronutrients such as magnesium, boron, zinc, silicon, and iron also play a vital role in this process.
In Shaanxi Province, there has been a historical overuse of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers, while potash and micronutrients have often been neglected. To improve soil fertility and promote balanced growth, it’s important to reduce excessive nitrogen, moderate phosphorus, and increase the use of organic and bio-fertilizers. Combining organic and inorganic sources ensures better nutrient absorption and long-term soil health.
Foliar sprays are an effective way to supplement nutrients directly to the leaves. Products like fruit friend amino acid or Shuofeng 481 can be applied at a dilution of 600 times, evenly sprayed on both sides of the leaves and branches. Adding 0.2% borax and spraying the entire tree helps boost overall nutrition and supports flower bud formation. These sprays can be applied every 10 days during the growing season, providing safe and effective nourishment without harming the tree.
It's important to avoid heavy nitrogen application during the growing season, as it can lead to excessive vegetative growth and hinder flower bud development.
In addition to fertilization, summer pruning plays a key role in promoting flower bud formation. After fruit harvest, the physiological differentiation of flower buds begins, and this process typically completes within two months. Proper pruning helps maintain a balance between vegetative and reproductive growth, which is crucial for healthy flower development.
Key pruning techniques include removing crowded, weak, or drooping branches to improve air circulation and light penetration. Temporary branches should be thinned out, and only 2–3 well-placed branches should be left to grow outward. This encourages better photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation, which supports flower bud formation.
Retracting branches and topping them at the right time can also help manage growth. By shortening branches by about 10 cm, you encourage new growth from the lower parts, preventing the next year's fruit from shifting too far up. For peripheral branches, leaving them longer (up to 25–30 cm) allows for more space for future fruit development.
For young cherry trees, using PBO (Paclobutrazol) can help control excessive growth and promote fruiting during June and July.
Pest and disease management is another essential aspect of post-harvest care. Common diseases in Shaanxi include gummosis, brown spot, and anthracnose, while pests such as leaf miners, red-necked beetles, and mulberry sawflies are also prevalent. Integrated pest management strategies are recommended, using products like 25% Guoqing 6000–7500 times mixed with Anox larvae, or alternatives like Anminole, Guolong, and Avicloz. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions for safe application.
When preparing the pesticide solution, it's best to use soft water diluted 4,000 times, then mix with a neutral solution. Adding fruit friend amino acids or Shuofeng 481 at 6,000 times can enhance the effectiveness of the treatment.
From June to July, proper irrigation and drainage are also crucial. Cherry trees prefer moist but well-drained soil. Ensuring adequate water supply during this period helps maintain tree health and supports the development of flower buds for the next season.