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Cage culture muddy wonderful method
Cage culture of mud loach is a highly efficient and practical aquaculture method that offers numerous benefits, including low equipment costs, high productivity, ease of management, and convenient harvesting. It also brings significant economic returns, making it an ideal technique for promotion in suitable regions. Below are the key techniques involved in cage breeding of mud loach:
First, site selection is crucial. The breeding area should be located in a sunny lake, shallow reservoir, or a pond with clean water and no industrial pollution. Good water quality is essential to ensure the health and growth of the fish.
Second, setting up the cages. Cage sizes can vary depending on the available space and water body conditions. Typical sizes range from 1-2 square meters to 20-40 square meters, with most commonly used cages measuring between 10-20 square meters. The cages are constructed using polyethylene woven mesh with a mesh size of 0.5-1 cm. The top part of the cage must extend at least 40 cm above the water surface to prevent the mud loach from escaping. At the bottom, a layer of 20 cm thick manure and mud is placed, followed by a layer of regular mud to provide a suitable environment for the fish.
Third, stocking density. The number of fish per cage depends on the water quality and nutrient availability. In well-fertilized waters, higher stocking densities can be achieved. A general recommendation is to stock 900 to 1200 fingerlings (5-6 cm in length) per square meter.
Fourth, feeding and management. In cage culture, artificial feeding is the primary method. Each cage should have a feeding platform, positioned 20-25 cm above the bottom. Food should be placed on this platform during feeding times. The feed can consist of crushed bran, silkworm pupae, or commercial floating pellets. Animal-based feed should make up more than 50% of the diet. The daily feeding amount is about 3%-5% of the fish's body weight, divided into three meals—early morning, midday, and late evening.
Fifth, daily management. Regular cleaning of the net cages is necessary to maintain good water circulation and allow sufficient natural food organisms to enter the cage. Inspections should be conducted frequently to detect and repair any holes or damage. Additionally, it is important to prevent contamination from pesticides, fertilizers, and the introduction of harmful species.
Sixth, disease prevention. Maintaining good hygiene and following proper disease control measures is essential. When feeding, the "Four Sets" principle should be applied—ensuring the right time, quantity, quality, and placement of feed. Any leftover bait on the feeding platform should be removed promptly. To disinfect the area, quicklime can be sprinkled regularly, or bleach bags can be hung around the feeding platform. The bleach bag method involves wrapping bleaching powder in two layers of gauze and placing one or two bags near the feeding area. This helps to effectively prevent the occurrence of diseases and maintain a healthy environment for the fish.