In years of heavy rainfall, the early fall of apples is a relatively common phenomenon. Severe early deciduous trees affect the production and quality of apples in the same year. Second, they affect the formation of flower buds and cause apple production to decrease in the second year. Third, even if flower buds are formed, the quality of flower buds is also very poor, and due to the serious shortage of storage nutrition, the flowers are contained. After the formation of cells of young fruit, leading to a small apple in the second year. In addition to the infestation of red spiders, the early deciduous trees of apple were divided into three types: severe drought defoliation, stagnant water defoliation and disease infestation defoliation. The severe drought defoliation begins with the basal leaves and leaflets beginning to fall off. As the drought continues, defoliation becomes more severe. The detached leaves were golden yellow without disease spots. After watering or raining, the fallen leaves stopped immediately. The stagnant water is mostly heavy soil or low-lying soil. Because groundwater is saturated or water is in the ground, the soil is poorly ventilated, the roots suffocate and lose their absorption capacity, and the high temperature evaporates after heavy rain, resulting in reduced water and nutrient supply to the root system. Or interrupted, sudden severe defoliation. This deciduous, chlorotic yellow and no spots. Severe accumulation of water can also cause the rot of the apple and the whole plant to die. Diseases infested with defoliation, mainly caused by fungal infections of various early defoliation diseases such as brown spot, gray spot disease, round spot disease, round spot disease, etc., caused early defoliation. This deciduous leaf is full of lesions, not all yellowing off. This is the main reason for the early fall of apples in the past years. Years of law, years of heavy rainfall, and early defoliation are serious, most people have developed an irresistible "climatic factor," the partial understanding of the surface, ignoring the importance of scientific management. According to the author's detailed investigation into the fruit area, it is believed that in order to solve the early defoliation problem of apple, it is necessary to seriously sum up the experience and lessons in spraying and preventing diseases. One is the quality of copper sulfate. In recent years, counterfeit copper sulfate appeared in the pesticide market, that is, magnesium sulfate was dyed with pure blue color, and the majority of fruit growers should not be deceived. The second is the number of sprays. In normal years, to control early deciduous apple disease, from the middle of June to mid-August, two or three Bordeaux mixtures can be sprayed. In drought-prone years, only one or two Bordeaux fluids are sprayed, and there will be no early defoliation. In years of heavy rain, the orchards that spray three or four Bordeaux fluids have intact leaves. If you do not spray or spray only one or two Bordeaux fluids, the general defoliation is severe. The third is how much the sprayed medicine and spray quality problems. Spraying Bordeaux mixture requires the canopy to go up and down, inside and outside, and the leaves are on two sides. The reverse is the focus. Spraying is detailed, uniform and tight. Apples in full fruit period must not be less than 500 kilograms of syrup per acre. However, the survey found that many orchards only sprayed 150-200 kilograms of syrup per acre. The sprinklers only “capped†the upper part of the canopy and the periphery. The fruit trees were almost white at a distance, but the backs of the internal organs, branches, and leaves were not sprayed. . This is one of the major causes of early severe defoliation. Fourth, the method of dispensing drugs. The preparation of Bordeaux mixture is generally 200 times the lime multiplication type on apples. That is, 1 kg of copper sulfate, 2 kg of lime, and 200 kg of clear water. Lime must be used as a block of quicklime, in the right amount of fresh water (1:6~8), using the high heat generated by the process of powdered lime, powdered into a fine lime paste, add water to stir into the lime solution, while stirring violently Add a good solution of copper sulfate, which will become the Bordeaux mixture. In the process of lime pulverization, if less water is added, lime is pulverized to produce coarse lime sludge. If too much water is added, lime blocks are “drowned†without chalking due to the low temperature. Blocked quicklime can not be used to prepare Bordeaux mixture if it is naturally limed and no longer pulverized. In summary, the early autumn deciduous apple is serious, mainly due to rainfall, humidity, and various early defoliation. It is necessary to focus on the quality of copper sulfate, the process of preparing Bordeaux mixture, the number of sprays and the amount of spray, and the quality of spraying. In addition, if you encounter drought, water it in time. An orchard lacking water sources must do a good job of storage of fertilizer and water, and prevent and control the phenomenon of defoliation due to drought. At the same time, in the winter and spring of the calendar year, drainage ditches were repaired inside and outside the orchard, and they entered the rainy season for timely drainage. The ground often scratched loose soil and prevented the early leaves from falling due to poor water or soil ventilation. However, in soils with heavy soils and poor ventilation, the use of weed roots to maintain soil aeration can also reduce or avoid early defoliation. 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