In recent years, the export of aquatic products is facing a severe test, and new requirements have also been put forward for the aquaculture industry. Bao, as a treasure in the sea, because of its long breeding cycle and high economic value, it also has stricter requirements for the breeding technology of abalone. Now taking the northern variety, Cangjie abalone as an example, combined with our experience in breeding in recent years, we summarized its healthy breeding techniques for reference and promotion.
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First, the living habits of Haliotis discus hannai wrinkles abundance of oysters in the night, in the hunger can eat during the day and night. It mainly lives in rocky areas with smooth water flow, fresh water, and algae. The suitable water temperature ranges from 3°C to 28°C, and the optimum growth water temperature ranges from 15°C to 24°C. The water salinity is above 30°C. The activity time is generally 2 hours to 3 hours after sunset and 2 hours to 3 hours before sunrise, and its growth is slow.
Second, the choice of breeding areas Cultivation area should be seaweed clustering, moderate salinity of water bodies, no industrial pollution sources, and the history of the waters without farm diseases, so as to ensure the healthy culture of discus abalone.
Third, the design and placement of cages with diameter 14mm ~ 16mm rebar welded into 3.0m2.0m0.6m steel structure, external mesh size of 1.0cm surrounded by knotless mesh, the outermost re-use mesh size A cage of 2.5 cm in diameter and 4 lines of 3 strands or 5 strands of 3 strands is enclosed in a cage, and a 30 cm 40 cm feed inlet is left on the cage cover at the top of the cage. When the tidal period is low, the culture area is slightly smoothed, and 5 to 7 sandbags are laid below the bottom of each submerged cage. The cages are placed in a stable manner and put into stones. Each submerged cage is placed. The number of stones to be entered is preferably 2/3 of the box.
4. After the water temperature of Bao Miao reaches 12°C or higher, choose no pathogens, do not injure in the process of peeling, and breed the individual whose size is 2.0cm to 3.0cm in shell length, and stocking density is 800/box to 1000/. Box, note that the size of the individual seedlings in each box should be as uniform as possible.
V. Breeding management
1. The choice of feedstuffs and their feedstuffs are based on disease-free nepotism, seaweed, and stone culm, especially the best nepotism, and fresh vegetables are the main choices when feeding. After feeding the feed, it should be put in a good position to feed the feed. Feeding amount and feeding frequency in different periods are shown in the table below.
2. Disease prevention and control In the process of caisson cultivation of discus abalone, disease prevention and control should be guided by the principle of prevention. Among them, daily management should be meticulous and a prerequisite for healthy breeding. There are two main diseases in the breeding of Haliotis discus hannai in the north: one is septic sepsis, which belongs to Vibrio kangaris; the other is impetigo, which belongs to Vibrio fluvialis. Prevention methods are: First of all, we must maintain the relative stability of the physical and chemical factors of the culture environment; Second, it is required to maintain the cleanliness of the water source, especially in the high temperature period, after the disease is found, it is usually controlled with a disinfectant, the medicine bath is 3 hours per day, and continuous 3 days is a course of treatment. When the condition is serious, it is a course of treatment for 5 days in a row. If conditions permit, use low-temperature seawater or ultraviolet-sterilized seawater to feed the diseased abalone in order to prevent wound infection from ulceration.
3. Routine management During the first and fifteenth day of the month, we must observe the activities of whelk abalone in a timely manner. Check whether there is any predator in the box. Repair the box when it is damaged, and remove the silt at the bottom of the cage in time. In the early autumn and early winter of the first year of breeding, it is necessary to plow the cage and sparsely grow seedlings so that it can grow better, which is also beneficial to the sale of commodity abalone.
Author: Rizhao Fisheries Technology Promotion Station, Shandong Province