Prevention of Fusarium Wilt Disease in Greenhouse

Farmers use the idle pillars of watermelon sheds to plant kidney beans, which can increase income by more than 1,000 yuan per mu. However, with the increase of the number of years, the growth of kidney beans is worse than a year. The output has been declining year by year, and there has been a phenomenon of dead seedlings. This is due to the occurrence of wilt disease in continuous cropping for many years. The occurrence characteristics and control methods of cowpea wilt disease are introduced as follows for reference by farmers.

Symptoms In the early stages of plant damage, only the shoots of the shoots wilted, and they recovered sooner or later. The edge of the leaves, especially at the tips of the leaves, showed irregular water-soaked lesions. The stems near the surface turned brown around the stems, and the cortex of the roots often cracked. The tissue of the bundle becomes brown, and when the humidity is high, a pink mold layer appears on the surface of the diseased part, and the whole plant withers in the next few days. The general cold period does not show symptoms. Symptoms began to appear at high temperatures and high humidity, and the symptoms were obvious during flowering and scarring.

Disease condition Wilt disease is a kind of soil-borne disease. The growth and development of pathogens are suitable for 27°C~30°C, the highest 40°C, and the lowest 5°C. In a suitable temperature range, soil water content is high and disease incidence is low, and soil moisture content is low. The soil is prone to prevalence when it is acidic. Years of continuous disease is heavy.

Prevention and control methods are applied to crop rotation: For non-legume crops that have been in rotation for more than 3 years, organic fertilizer with no bacteria and sufficient decomposing properties must be applied, and the effect is better. The selection of disease-resistant varieties: the use of red-billed yan and other highly resistant varieties. Seed disinfection: Use 50% carbendazim WP which accounts for 0.5% of the seed weight, or soak 4 hours with 40% formaldehyde 300 times, rinse with water and sow after soaking. Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water: During the growth of cowpea, apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer according to the growing trend to avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer. Watering avoids the high temperature period, the small water pouring, avoid flood irrigation. Diseased leaves, etc. should be removed in time. When the diseased plants are serious, they can be set aside and get deep outside the field. Foliar fertilization: foliar spray of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid and other foliar fertilizer to promote healthy growth of plants, improve plant resistance to disease. Chemical control: The most direct and effective way is to use the root irrigation method. In the early stage of disease, use 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 times, or 50% carbendazim WP 500 times, or 60% anti-mildew Po WP 600 times, or 70% dexcontasone. Wet powder 600 to 800 times, or 40% baclofen WP 500 to 600 times, every 7 to 10 days and then irrigation, each root 250 ml liquid.

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