Apple early defoliation disease is a general term for apple brown spot, gray spot disease, spotted deciduous disease, rotten spot disease, and round spot disease. Among the most common and most harmful are apple spotted leaf disease and apple brown spot. First, the symptoms (A) of the disease of the disease of the apple leaf spot disease in the overwintering place in the victim leaves, shoots and bud scales. There are two peak periods in a year. The first time in late April to mid-June, the second time in September. The main damage is the young leaves, especially the young leaves in the exhibition within 20 days. In the early stage of disease, brown spots appeared on the leaves, and there were purple halos around. When the conditions were appropriate, several lesions were connected, and finally the leaves scorch off. (b) Apple brown spot pathogens mainly overwinter on fallen leaves. The onset of disease begins in May-June, and the onset of disease occurs from July to August. The main leaves were infiltrated with old leaves. The spots on the leaves were brown dots at the beginning. Afterwards, they could develop into three types of lesions of the ring pattern, the needle-type (the most common), and the mixed type, causing the old leaves to yellow and fall off, but the edges of the lesions. Still green, forming a halo. Second, the reasons for falling leaves (a) climate. The high temperature and rainy years, especially the high temperature after the rain, are extremely conducive to disease outbreaks and epidemics. (b) Tree vigor. The branches of the imaginary tree and the weak tree are thin and soft, and the leaves are small and thin, and are extremely susceptible to disease. (c) Closed. Due to improper pruning methods, the apple orchard was closed, and the conditions for ventilation and light transmission were poor, which created extremely favorable conditions for the occurrence and prevalence of diseases. Such apple orchards are affected more severely in the lower part of the apple tree and in the internal malleolus. (d) Circumcision (cutting) is too heavy. Apple's early deciduous disease is most evident in girdling (cutting) overweight apple trees, especially apple trees that have been hacked for years, and apple trees that have produced significant results. Third, prevention and control measures (a) strong tree potential. Strengthening the management of apple orchard soil fertigation, enhancing tree vigor and improving disease resistance are the fundamental measures for disease prevention and control. (B) the transformation of closed apple orchards. No matter which tree shape is used in an enclosed apple orchard, the requirements for unimpeded lines, non-bridging branches, ventilation and light transmission, and convenient operation must be met after the transformation. (c) Chemical control. In the 7 days after flowering, this is the initial stage of apple early defoliation, timely medication, can control its hazards, pharmaceuticals can choose 10% of polyoxoampheicol 1200 times or 70% of Antai 600 times. Prior to bagging, the same agent was used for the second time (but care should be taken to use the drug). Fourth, supporting measures (a) Ke Fu Nong fertilization (dry-type) in the amino acid content of up to 27%, but also add a moisturizer, use it to dry can achieve rapid absorption, increase tree vigor, in addition to the effect of low cost. Apply once every 5 to 12 days, totaling 3 to 5 times. (b) From May to June, where branches are grown too densely, branches should be dug to facilitate ventilation.
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