Measures to improve the quality of seed storage

The quality of seed storage generally includes three aspects: the original excellent characteristics of one-finger seed, namely high yield, resistance and quality, etc.; the suitable harvest date of two-finger crop, harvest too early, too late, too tender, too Old, are not conducive to maintaining the seed quality; the three-fingered harvested seeds must go through the storage process and maintain their original quality standards during storage. To achieve the above three points, the following measures must be taken.

First, keep dry storage conditions

One is the drying of the seeds themselves, and the other is the drying of storage conditions. According to the test, the seed life can be doubled for every 2.5% drop in seed moisture content. Seed moisture content of more than 14%, the mold attached to the seed epidermis will accelerate reproduction, resulting in reduced seed germination. If the seed with 14% water content is compared with the seeds of the same variety with 11.5% moisture content, the life span of the latter can be twice that of the former; if the seed moisture content is dried to 9%, its life span will be extended by 4 times. . It can be seen that dried seeds have a very close relationship with maintaining their storage quality. However, whether the seeds are as dry as possible should be determined according to people's needs and the characteristics of the seeds. For most crop seeds, the drying conditions are conducive to maintaining seed quality.

Second, keep the low temperature storage conditions

Seed respiration and microbial activity have a direct relationship with temperature. Under normal circumstances, when the temperature is in the range of 20-35°C, seed respiration and microbial life activities will increase as the temperature increases, but when the temperature exceeds 55°C, the respiration of the seeds and microbial activity will rapidly weaken, and Causes the seed to lose its vitality and use value. The 20 °C to 40 °C is also the most serious and destructive temperature range for microbial reproduction. Therefore, during storage, the temperature is controlled to below 20 °C (preferably 15 °C). Even though the seed moisture is high, it is due to microbial activity. Obstructed, so the seed's breathing can also be in a normal state. If the temperature exceeds 20°C and the water content is greater than or exceeds that of safe water, seed respiration and microbial life activities will be strengthened to cause heat generation in the seed bank, resulting in loss of seed vigor and loss of value as a seed; if the seed moisture content is high and Under conditions of low temperature storage, the seeds are susceptible to freezing injury and death; if the seeds have low moisture content, resistance to cold is strong. Therefore, the optimum temperature during storage of the general seed should be between 15°C and 20°C and a relative temperature between 60% and 70%.

Third, do a good "one off" to "four investigations"

One level is to put a good seed into the reservoir. We must resolutely do not meet the moisture content requirements of the seed storage. The “four surveys” are to check the moisture of seeding seeds at any time, check the temperature, check the germination rate, check the insect column, and solve the problem in time.

Fourth, reasonable ventilation to ensure seed quality

Ventilation can reduce temperature, disperse moisture, exchange gas, and improve the storage environment, but we must pay attention to grasp three points. 1, must be in the library outside the temperature and humidity are lower than the library can be large ventilation. 2. The temperature inside and outside the warehouse is the same, but the outside temperature is lower than the inside of the warehouse or the humidity inside the warehouse is the same. When the temperature outside the warehouse is low, it can be ventilated. 3, rain and fog can not be ventilated the next night.

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