Hawthorn Indoor Pitless Storage Technology

First, save the required materials 1, empty rooms: the house used to store the mountains must have a window that can convective winds; 2, a number of ventilation cages: the ventilation cage can be welded with three small diameter 16 cm ring, then It is fixed to the outside of the ring with bamboo or wood strips 1.5 meters long. The three rings are placed one on each side to form a cylindrical ventilation cage with a diameter of 16 centimeters and a height of 1.5 meters. Ventilation cages can be used to determine the number of venting cages based on the amount of storage; 3, one for the dryer and 3-5 for the thermometer. II. Disinfection and storage Before storage, 800-1000 times of formalin, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, etc. can be used to disinfect the floors and surrounding walls of the storage house, and then 3 cm thick on the floor mat. Fungus soil. 3. Harvest time and precautions Hawthorn used for storage can be harvested at an average daily temperature of 15 degrees and a minimum temperature of 9 degrees. It is probably after the frost in the south of the Huaihe River. Before the frost falls in the north of the Huaihe River, it will germinate prematurely. Late freezing is not conducive to the preservation of the mountains. Hawthorn harvesting and entering pits is a very technical work. When harvesting, it should be done in four light: light planing, light transport, light discharge, and light loading to minimize damage and avoid infection. Harvesting also requires strict selection of hawthorn, which is the basis for safe storage. Eight choices are not to be made when selecting the mountains: not to be frozen, not to be sick, not to have wounds, not to be outcropping, not to have wormholes, not to have severe cracking, not to be exposed to the ground for too long. When entering the pits, attention should be paid to harvesting in the morning, drying in the noon, and entering the pit in the evening. In addition, Xiashan Mountain is more shelf-stable than Chunshan Mountain, so it is best to use Xiashan Mountain for storage. The hawthorns prepared for consumption or for sale in the winter and the hawthorn seeded in the spring of the following year should be stored in piles. Fourth, into the cellar storage into the cellar storage Each pile of 500 kg --- 5000 kg is appropriate, too much is not conducive to heat dissipation, too little is not conducive to cold insulation. The storage method is described below with a storage capacity of 5,000 kg/heap of mountains: Three ventilated cages are placed vertically in the center of the room where the soil is sterilized and cushioned. Each ventilation cage is separated by 4 feet. The bottom planes of the three ventilation cages form an equilateral triangle shape. Piles of mountains are piled around the three ventilation cages, and finally the mountains pile up to form a cone. Be careful not to drop the hawthorn into the ventilation cage to prevent obstructing ventilation. If the storage capacity is about 500 pounds, it is not necessary to put a ventilated cage, and a few sorghum stalks, corn stalks, wooden sticks, or bamboo rafts can be placed in the middle of a pile of mountains to facilitate ventilation. In addition, the pile must be about 2 feet from the wall for easy management and cold protection. V. Safety Management The safety management of hawthorn is based on the physiological characteristics of hawthorn and the external climatic conditions to adjust the indoor temperature, humidity and indoor air composition so that it can be safely stored under appropriate environmental conditions. Safety management can be divided into three periods, including entering the cellar clearance, passing the winter off, and opening the spring off. (1) Initial storage - into the cellar gate: 5 to 7 days after the storage of the hawthorn is sprinkled with aseptic soil on the outside of the foothills. Satu is not allowed to see the principle of mountains, and you must not block the ventilation cage. After 20 to 30 days after entering the cellar, the hawthorn was exposed to high temperatures and the hawthorn had a strong respiration. This caused the temperature and humidity in the heap to increase, and formed water vapor in the outer layer of the foothills. The farmers called it the sweating period. Hawthorn sprouts easily. High humidity can easily lead to the propagation of pathogens. Therefore, the initial work is to open the convection window and vent holes, play a role in ventilation, dehumidification, cooling, so that the temperature within the pile does not exceed 15 degrees, relative humidity is 80% --- 90% . When the outside temperature is higher than that of the room, the doors and windows can be closed at night, and the temperature can gradually decrease with the weather. The doors and windows can be closed overnight, and when the temperature drops to 3-5 degrees after the beginning of winter, the cellar will begin to seal. (2) Mid-term storage - winter pass: After entering the cellar, the foothills will have the longest period before and after the beginning of spring. The respiratory intensity and calorific value of the hawthorn will be smaller. At the same time, the outside temperature will be low. At this time, the hawthorn is most vulnerable to freezing. Should be based on cold insulation, so that the outer temperature of the mountain stack is not less than 10 degrees, the specific approach is: 1 close the convection window and all doors and windows, nailed plastic film on the outside of the window to prevent the cold wind into the lower room temperature; 2 use the old Closing the three vent holes in the clothing; 3 cover 15 cm thick wheat straw or straw outside the pile of mountains, pay attention to uniform. The north should be thicker and increase to 20-25 cm. (3) Late-stage management --- opening spring pass: The weather is cold and warm after the Spring Festival. At this time, it should be based on stable cellar temperature. The heap should be maintained at 11 --- 15 degrees. If the cellar temperature rises, it can be sunny noon. Properly open the vent hole, ventilate and cool the mouthpiece, and close it again in the evening. In order to accurately grasp the temperature and humidity, a dryer can be placed in the storage room, and a thermometer on each side of the piles of the mountains and in the ventilating cage can be used to grasp the humidity and temperature at any time. In short, the appropriate temperature and humidity throughout the storage process is the key to safe storage, humidity of 80 --- 90%, the temperature of the outer layer of hawthorn heap is not less than 10 degrees, the temperature in the middle and ventilating cage can not exceed 15 degrees. VI. Preparation before leaving the cellar In order to increase the weight and color of the hawthorn, the cover grass can be peeled off 5 days before the cellar is dumped. It is advisable to scatter water on the soil and soak it with cover soil. After a few days, the hawthorn can not only increase by more than 10%. Weight, and the color is as good as ever, it can be put on the market after 3 days.

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