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In the growth of crops, with the cooling of temperatures, it is said that "the autumn is not cool, the seeds are not yellow". A variety of spring crops will enter the mature stage, just after the end of the summer heat, the crops absorb nutrients during the day for photosynthesis products to store at night, which is conducive to the maturity of crops. Therefore, there is a popular agricultural land around the world that has “Summer Fields Evening Changes,†and “Summer Fields Yellow, and Every Family Repairs.†As far as rice production is concerned, early rice will soon be harvested when the heat is exhausted, mainly because late rice is in an important period of field management and fertilization.
The production of late rice is divided into two-season late rice and single-season late rice. The fertility and nutrient requirements of the two late rice varieties are different. Therefore, their fertilization, especially the application period of nitrogen fertilizer, is obviously different. It depends on two types of late rice. Fertilizer regulation separately:
Late fertilization of double-season rice (post-season rice)
Due to the short growing period, the late rice of double-season rice will begin to differentiate at the time of delivery, and will enter the peak of tillering during the panicle differentiation, and will have a significant absorption peak in its lifetime. That is, the peak of absorption will be formed 2 to 3 weeks after transplanting. The absorption peaks of single-season late rice are concentrated and advanced, and they are also overlapping types. Because the early water temperature and soil temperature are not conducive to the absorption of the root system, it is necessary to pay attention to increase the panicle fertilizer in the double-season late rice, and it should be carried out twice in the young panicle differentiation-meiosis stage. However, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the application of nitrogen fertilizer during flowering should be controlled in different stages. Because of the rapid decline in the temperature in the later period, excessive nitrogen fertilizer will not only cause rice greediness, delay ripening and reduce production, but also aggravate the occurrence of pests and diseases. According to the above characteristics, base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer were used in the fertilization technology of double-season late rice. Appropriate amount of top dressing was applied in the spike differentiation stage. Under the condition of ensuring safe heading, seedling supplementation and granulation fertilizer was expected in the later period, and it was expected to obtain better yield increase effect.
Single-season late rice fertilization
The single-season rice has a long growing period, usually in the field for 100 to 130 days. The vegetative and reproductive growth of single-season late rice is a segregating type. There are two peak periods for the uptake of this type of late rice, one in the tillering stage and the other in the spike differentiation stage, and the later uptake of the fertilizer is higher than the previous period. This shows that the panicle fertilizer of single-season rice is more important. Under late-season rice transplanting and transplanting under different cultivation methods, the appropriate ratio of nitrogen fertilizers for basic application is between 40% and 50%, which can maintain a high rate of tillering succession, and the development of the population is also reasonable, which is beneficial to increase the photosynthetic material after heading. Accumulation and operation, to obtain the appropriate grain number and 1000-grain weight. The total amount of nitrogen in the fake facilities is 12 to 14 kg/mu. The proportion of nitrogen applied in the seedling cultivation is: basal fertilizer: glutinous fertilizer: panicle fertilizer = 40%: 30%: 30%. The proportion of nitrogen fertilizer used for transplanting is: basal fertilizer: beryllium fertilizer : Panicle fertilizer = 50% : 30% : 20%.
In short, there is a difference in the timing of nitrogen fertilizer application between late rice and single-season late rice. The principle of the former is: appropriate re-application of fertilizer, reflecting the principle of promoting, central control, and post-protection; but before the promotion can not result in over-expansion of the seedlings, the adverse consequences of ineffective delivery. The latter should reflect the principles of stability, attack, and complement; early appropriate control, focus on large spikes, top dressing can be divided into 2 to 3 times.
In addition, late paddy fields are more prone to potassium deficiency than early rice fields, and the application of potash fertilizer to late rice is important for the growth of young seedlings and resistance to rice blast at later stages, and it is also beneficial to increase panicles, grains per spike, and yield. The amount of potassium per acre is 4-6kg. The application period can be used as a base fertilizer, or 50% as base fertilizer and 50% as panicle fertilizer application.
At the time of heat treatment: late rice fertilization
On August 23, when it entered the summer heat, the "place" had the meaning of termination. Therefore, the arrival of the "summer heat" means that the hot summer days will be terminated. The heatstroke is a turning point in the decline of high temperatures, indicating that the climate is getting cooler. In many parts of the country, treating the heat means the beginning of a cool autumn, but in some places there will also be a brief high temperature of the “Autumn Tigerâ€.