Aquatic Products Free of Ice

For a long time, marine fisheries fishing operations and processing and transportation processes have always been based on ice preservation as the main preservation method. This traditional production method has obvious defects: it consumes fresh water, consumes energy, has limited effective production time, and has poor preservation efficiency. After nearly 4 years of R&D on the ice-free and fresh-keeping equipment produced by the company in response to the above problems, the company has broken through traditional methods of preservation, realized ice-free preservation operations, greatly reduced fishing production costs, reduced labor intensity, and determined the range according to changes in fishing conditions and weather. In order to avoid unnecessary ice consumption, the freshness of the product can be increased, the added value of the product is increased, and the income of the fishermen is effectively increased, which is very beneficial to the fishing industry to improve economic, ecological and social benefits. Ice-free and fresh-keeping uses seawater chilling and cold storage air cooling. Spraying humidification, cold storage and moisturizing and other advanced preservation technologies; refrigeration devices developed according to process requirements are full-featured, novel in design, and reliable in performance; PLC-based intelligent control systems have superior performance, accurate control, high degree of automation, and easy operation; The harsh conditions of special work and working conditions have strong adaptability, which can greatly improve the timeliness and quality of preservation of aquatic products and reduce the cost of preservation. At present, the device has passed the "National Fishery Machinery Instrument Quality Supervision and Inspection Center" testing. First, the traditional method of ice preservation in fishing problems Traditional ice preservation method is the use of mechanical ice before the fishing boat in the sea before filling the fish (about 30 tons -50 tons / time), to be installed on the Internet After the box, the ice cubes are applied to the surface and a method of keeping fresh in the cabin is provided. With the depletion of offshore resources, the migration of fisheries, the shortage of island freshwater, diesel resources, and the rise in prices, the traditional ice-preservation and preservation technology can no longer meet the needs of the current fishing operations and the preservation of aging, as it has not been able to find More excellent preservation technology, so the domestic fishing boats basically still use the traditional methods of ice preservation, while the traditional ice preservation there are many shortcomings. (1) Before the fishing boat goes out to sea, it is necessary to add a large amount of ice cubes in the fish tank, which is equivalent to more than 1 times of the volume of fish loaded. This not only keeps the preservation cost high, but also affects the speed and fuel consumption due to the heavy hull loading during the trip. (2) The labor intensity is large. The fish cargo needs to be filled with ice, and there is still need to turn over the ice in the middle; (3) Because the ice cubes are deposited on the surface of the fish box and between the fish trays, the hull often tilts and swings during the actual operation. , In addition to the appearance of the top fish, the surface of most of the fish products is squeezed by the ice, causing mechanical crushing, affecting the appearance quality of aquatic products, and reducing the sales price of fish products. (4) In the case of uneven cooling and small quantities of fish, the first grade freshness can still be maintained within a short period of time (7 days - 10 days). However, once the time is extended and the yield increases, the fish that was initially caught and placed on the bottom of the fish can not effectively absorb cold because of poor heat transfer between fish and ice, and can only receive water that has dripped from the top layer of ice, resulting in The lower layer of fish can only be stored at 5°C-8°C. This is also the reason why the quality of fish products from top to bottom is getting worse as we usually see each time the fishing boat returns. According to the survey, it is regrettable that at least 10% (more than 200,000 yuan in the year) of fish products per ship per voyage will be reduced in price or used as feed due to poor quality. (5) The flexibility of operations is relatively small, which is largely constrained by the weather and the amount of ice, resulting in unnecessary waste and affecting the preservation quality. (6) The preservation effect is poor. Because the ice cubes are geometrical and angular, the surface quality of the aquatic products causes mechanical damage, and the ice cubes are ordinary machine ice instead of edible ice, which affects the quality and hygiene of the products. II. Introduction to ice-free fresh-keeping technology and equipment Ice-free and fresh-keeping technology is the most direct, fast, and effective principle of cold-hot exchange. It adopts a negative 5°C-3°C refrigerant (deep-cooled seawater) through chilling cleaning such as spraying and soaking. In this way, aquatic products can be rapidly cooled in the shortest time to minus 2°C—1°C. After that, the aquatic products are kept warm and insulated by in-cabin insulation and moisturizing systems to ensure the best preservation of aquatic products. The aging (first-stage freshness more than 20 days) and the ideal preservation cost (about 1/10 of the ice preservation cost) can greatly reduce the labor intensity of operators. The device is a complete set of equipment. The main components and components are made of international quality products, such as the use of semi-hermetic condensing units for ships, stainless steel brazing evaporators, titanium plate heat exchangers, marine self-priming pumps, anti-blocking nozzles and filtration. The devices and components such as high-performance automatic control components and programmable logic controllers have the advantages of long service life, small size, low energy consumption, corrosion resistance, complete reliability, and high degree of automation. They are the current preservation equipment for fishing industry. A high-tech product. Third, the significance of the promotion and application of ice-free fresh-keeping equipment With the importance of human beings to freshwater resources and energy, the promotion and application of ice-free fresh-keeping devices will greatly ease the tension of water and energy, especially in coastal areas where resources are becoming increasingly tense, according to the survey. It is estimated that after the use of ice-free devices by all fishing vessels in the country, it can effectively save 15 million to 20 million tons of fresh water each year, saving more than 1 billion kilowatt hours of electricity, which means that 60,000 tons of fresh water and 2.8 million kilowatt-hours of electricity can be saved each day. Therefore, the fishing ice-free fresh-keeping device is a new generation of multi-functional environmental protection products. According to experts, this preservation technology has effectively solved the problem that fishing boats are overloaded with ice cubes for preservation, ice can not be permanently damaged, voyages and working hours are not affected, temperature of the preservation process is not stable, and the preservation quality of aquatic products is not high, causing waste of resources. A series of problems such as serious and high preservation costs will lead to a qualitative change in the traditional fishing industry. With the increase of marine fishing operations, the shrinking of offshore water resources has become increasingly evident. In order to improve the fishing efficiency of fisheries, increase the income of fishermen, and protect fishery resources, China has been researching and replacing fresh-keeping techniques for ice-preservation since the 1960s and 1970s. However, this research has not been able to obtain due to system and capital constraints. Applied results. In 1996, through the key scientific research projects of various ministries and commissions in Zhejiang Province, Yangdi Refrigeration Equipment Co., Ltd. began to invest more than 15 million yuan for the research and development of “ice-free fresh-keeping technology” and “fishing boat ice-free fresh-keeping device” and was developed in 1997. Success, followed by four fishing vessels for production trials, and achieved expected results. The ice-free fresh-keeping device effectively prolongs the preservation time, improves the preservation level, and reduces the preservation cost. Qiu Zhihong, General Manager and Head of Project of Yangdi Refrigeration Equipment Co., Ltd., said: “Freezing from ice” has prolonged the freshness of first-grade aquatic products from 7 days to 10 days from the “preservation of ice” to 23 days. The level of preservation rate exceeds 95%, and the cost per tonne of preservation is reduced from 200 yuan to 300 yuan per ton to about 30 yuan. Only this one fishing vessel can save at least 50,000 to 60,000 yuan per year. The benefits to be achieved include comprehensive savings in direct costs, indirect costs and preservation levels, deteriorating rates of degradation, and extended operating cycles. If a fishing vessel uses an "ice-free fresh-keeping device", it can increase efficiency by more than 200,000 yuan per year, and the one-time investment for this device is only 180,000 yuan.

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