Symptoms of diseased plants become pale green with uniform leaf color, thinning leaves, and softer texture. The tillers of the diseased plants are soaring, showing shriveled clusters and poor root development. Plants infected at the seedling stage are not dwarfed by heading; the incidence of disease at the late stage is light, which is mainly manifested by increased tillering and clustering, and high-node-like branches appearing in individual diseased plants. The leaves resemble bamboo leaves. The pathogen Mycoplasma-like organism called Jane MOL, called the mycoplasma. Observed by electron microscopy, ultrathin sections of diseased leaves can be seen in sieve cells with elliptic or ovoid protozoa, 80-80 nm in size, no cell wall, only 3 membranes per unit membrane, two protein membranes, and intermediate Fat film. When passing through the cell wall, the shape of the host cell can be indefinite and its size is not fixed. Two species of leafhoppers, Nephotettix cincticeps, N. virescens, and N. nigropictus, were mainly transmitted by the virus. Pathogens in the body of insects differ in temperature depending on the temperature. The body size of black-tailed leafhoppers follows the average period when the average temperature is 32°C. For 19 days, temperatures of 15°C were not transmitted via 102 days, 17°C were transmitted by only a few insects on 68 days, 20°C was returned to 53.3 days, 25°C was 24.6 days, 28°C was 22.2 days, and 30°C was 21.3 It is 17-25 days at 33-35°C. The minimum time for the young nymphs to be poisoned at an average temperature of 30°C is 10 minutes, and almost 12 hours can be obtained. At temperatures below 5°C, no virus can be obtained. The insecticidal rate was 0-7% at 10°C, 0-27% at 15°C, 21-64% at 20°C, and 50-73% at 25°C. The rate of transmission of the upper leaves of the black-tailed leafhopper was as high as 67%, that of the middle leaf was 55%, and that of the lower leaf was 34%. The worm could live for life with poison and the virus transmission rate was as high as 89.3%. The virus was transmitted to the next generation without eggs. Leafhoppers have a preference for Verticillium wilt disease habits. Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions The pathogens mainly overwintered in the body of black-tailed leafhoppers and several species of wild weeds and became the source of infestation in early winter. After the early rice in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the disease developed in the middle of July. After 7 months, the egg-leaved locusts of the egg group were poisoned from the rice field diseased rice plant and migrated to the late rice of the double-season rice to cause poisoning, leading to the onset of late rice. The overwintering nymphs were overwintered after they were harvested from the late rice disease strain. The individual affinities of leafhoppers depend on how soon the leafhoppers acquire the mycoplasma and the temperature in winter. If the leafhoppers get the poison before the winter, the higher the winter temperature, the more invasive individuals will be after wintering. Because of the 27-90 days from the feeding period to the disease-feeding period, leafhoppers have a slow onset. In the later stages of production, the disease is less affected. However, infected rice or infected rice grown in pods can still cause disease and become the source of infection. Prevention and control methods South China should focus its prevention and control on the prevention of early rice growth. (1) The preferred disease-resistant varieties and insect-resistant varieties. For example, in Fujian, the red block was short-listed, Hunan's Xiangkang 32, Yuchi 231-8, Taiwan's Taipei 131, Taipei 130, and Nonglin 49. IR28, Cam Pai30-12-15, Pank hari 203, and other exotic varieties that are resistant to black-tailed leafhoppers. (2) pest control and disease prevention. Attention was paid to the prediction of the life history of four species of leafhoppers in combination with the virus-mediated insects. The time of sowing and transplanting was adjusted to adjust the seedling stage of susceptible diseases and the peak activity of leafhoppers. (3) When necessary, insecticides can be sprayed during the breeding period and returning to the tillering stage. For the types of pesticides, see black-tailed leafhoppers. (4) For other methods, see Yellow River Disease.
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