The direct application of vegetable straw to the field is a new type of agricultural technology that is ecologically friendly and environmentally friendly. It is a new farming mode that adapts to social development and the needs of the times. It has many advantages such as eco-environmental protection, cost-saving and efficiency enhancement. First, ecological benefits This technology turns vegetable waste straw into waste, avoids the pollution caused by straw burning; solves the problem of greenhouse stalk accumulation pollution, obstructs traffic congestion, etc.; the greenhouse vegetable stalk returning to the field to solve the problem of heavy soil barrier in greenhouse The greenhouse vegetable straw is returned to the field to repair the soil, increase the organic matter of the soil, improve the soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and restore soil health. Second, economic benefits 1. Save working hours. The cost of removing and transporting acre of vegetable straw in a greenhouse is about 500-700 yuan. The cost of treating an acre of straw with a special vegetable straw returning pulverizer is 150 yuan, and the cost per acre can be 350-550 yuan. 2. Save fertilizer input. After the vegetable straw is returned to the field and fermented by biological bacteria into organic fertilizer, the input of various fertilizers can be greatly reduced, and the amount of manure used can be reduced by 1/3 to 1/2. After the greenhouse vegetable straw is returned to the field, the fermenting and decomposing of the biological bacteria can also reduce the use of commercial biological fertilizer, and the cost per mu is reduced by about 400 yuan. 3. Save pesticide inputs. After the greenhouse vegetable straw is returned to the field, the disease resistance and stress resistance of the vegetables are enhanced, the pests and diseases are significantly reduced, the pesticide use is greatly reduced, and the pesticide expenditure per mu is reduced by about 500 yuan. 4. Vegetable production increased. After the greenhouse straw is returned to the field, it is quickly converted into bio-organic fertilizer after thorough fermenting and decomposing. The organic nutrients in the straw can be absorbed by the vegetables, and the yield is increased by about 20%. Third, the operation process of vegetables in the field of straw returning to the field According to the seasonality of greenhouse vegetable production, it can be divided into high temperature period and non-high temperature period. (1) Straw returning treatment method in high temperature period 1. When the vegetables are pulled out, the high-stalk and vine vegetables are removed from the vegetable slings or the support and properly spliced ​​and removed to remove the mulch covering the surface (if it is pure biodegradable sling and pure The biodegradable mulch film can be pulverized in the soil together with the vegetable straw vine without dissolving and removing it. The leafy vegetables and the fallen vegetables are directly prepared for the second step. 2. Use the special straw smashing machine to smash the vines in the greenhouse. 3. Spread the spare organic fertilizer evenly on the crushed straw. 4. Spread the special compound microbial agent onto the crushed straw and manure, and plow the tiller with a rotary tiller and mix evenly (10 kg of urea per acre can be applied without manure). 5. Level the land, fill the water, and close all the vents in the greenhouse for high-temperature fermentation for 15 to 30 days. 6. When the surface of the shed is sporadic and dry, the second irrigation is required or the mulch is covered during the first irrigation. 7. After the fermentation is finished, the ventilation is dehumidified, the ground is ridged, and vegetables are grown. The special microbial agent can quickly ferment, decompose and transform the organic fertilizer and straw in the soil, and the heat generated by the sun and the heat provided by the sun under the closed conditions of the greenhouse can quickly heat up the soil, creating a high temperature and high humidity environment, enabling the space inside the greenhouse. The temperature reaches 70 °C ~ 80 °C, the soil temperature in the shed reaches 45 °C ~ 60 °C, the high temperature in the shed can kill the bacteria, insects and many germs in the shed space, walls, brackets, plastic film and other objects. The use of this technology for years can strongly inhibit root-knot nematodes. (2) Treatment methods for straw returning in non-high temperature season In the seasons other than high temperature summer, the vegetable straw is returned to the field, and the aerosol can be used to kill the shed. After 1 to 3 days in the greenhouse, the shed is ventilated; the mulch is removed and the sling is removed; The straw pulverizing machine is used to carry out the straw smashing work; then the thoroughly decomposed organic fertilizer is applied, and the high-content special biological microbial agent is applied; the soil is rotated, the soil is smashed, and the vegetables are planted. Fourth, the greenhouse vegetable straw returning technology combined with high temperature, can kill pests and diseases in several steps 1. Pre-kill. After the harvesting of the vegetables is completed, the greenhouses are used to kill the pests and diseases before the returning of the straws with high-efficiency insecticidal and bactericidal aerosols, which can kill some pests and diseases. 2. High temperature kills. The temperature during the confined period of the greenhouse can be raised to 70 ° C ~ 80 ° C, 10 cm below the surface and pests and diseases in the greenhouse space will be killed, most of the weeds will be killed by high temperatures. 3. High humidity kills. Straw and manure require a large amount of water to fertilize during the fermentation to increase the humidity required during the fermentation process, and most of the eggs cannot be hatched due to the high humidity. 4. The secretion of biological bacteria is killed. The released biological bacteria will release the secreted enzymes and antibiotics at work, and these secretions have the function of bactericidal and insecticidal, and will continue to sterilize and kill insects during the returning of the straw and the subsequent period. In summary, whether it is in the summer high temperature environment or the winter low temperature environment, the problem of outbreaks of pests and diseases is almost non-existent. Precautions: The biological bacteria are living organisms. When the straw is returned to the field, any fungicides, disinfectants, soil fumigants and other substances are prohibited from being used together with the biological bacteria. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone
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