Occurrence and Control of Phytophthora capsici

Phytophthora capsici, also known as black stem disease, is a serious bacterial disease caused by Phytophthora capsici infecting the phloem of pepper and causing death of the pepper. From 2002 to 2003, we conducted field disease control experiments in a vegetable farm in Qinghe County. The results showed that the incidence of uncontrolled land was as high as 80% or more, and serious land plots or even crop failures were obtained. Better economic benefits.
First, the onset time and symptoms
At the beginning of July, during the early fruit stage of pepper blooming, the phloem exposed to the rhizome of 1 to 3 cm in the ground surface was infected by bacteria. At the beginning of the disease, it was a dark green water-soaked lesion, and the lesion was slightly sunken. At the later stage of disease, it gradually turned dark brown and the plants and leaves became green and dry. The fruits shrank and did not drop. The disease course lasted only 5 to 6 days. After one week, the diseased plants completely withered and the fruits were completely rejected.
Second, the cause of the disease and the path of Phytophthora capsici in the high temperature, high humidity environment will be rapid onset, high bacteria. In dry and ventilated conditions, the survival rate is low. After 2 to 4 days, all the pathogens will die.
The results of the field survey showed that the disease is prone to occur in low-lying areas of pepper fields after high temperature and flooding. After each irrigation, the incidence range has been expanded, and the phenomenon of death along the ditch has often occurred. Because this pathogen can produce zoospore, therefore, it can be considered that the flowing water is the main route of disease transmission, and the high temperature and the atmosphere are the basis for the occurrence of disease. Large-water irrigation and heavy rain are the keys to the spread of the disease.
Third, preventive measures
1.Physical prevention and control Reasonable rotation and high ridge cultivation, rotation with non-solanum crops to reach more than 2 years, and the implementation of high temperature and less watering, early and late low-temperature weather watering, avoid watering at noon management methods, water irrigation Do not soak in 2/3 of the ridge height. After the occurrence of diseased plants, they must be removed, buried or burned in time. The diseased plots should be accompanied by lime water to disinfect the soil.
2. Drug control 1 Use 200ml of 50% Ruthenol to 200kg of water, dilute it to 50kg/667m2 solution or apply it to the base of the stem of the plant, and use the same dose of liquid to irrigate the roots in severe plots. Can achieve the purpose of chemical prevention and control of the spread of the disease.
2 In the epidemic center plot, 0.3% copper sulphate was used to 165 kg of water, which was diluted and then irrigated on a plant-by-plant basis. This can also prevent the occurrence of local land masses. After investigation, the control rate reached 92%.

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