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How to prolong the peak period of egg laying
After the broiler breeder enters the production phase, egg production gradually increases. Once the egg-laying rate exceeds 80%, the flock enters the peak egg production period. To extend and stabilize this critical phase, it's essential to implement scientific management practices that support both the health and productivity of the hens.
First, ensuring proper nutrition is crucial. Each hen requires approximately 8 grams of protein per day for basic life functions, while producing one egg needs about 15 grams of crude protein. During the peak laying period, the total protein content in the feed should be maintained between 17.5% and 18% to meet the increased nutritional demands.
Second, managing the energy level of the diet is important. The energy content should be around 11.5 MJ/kg during the peak period to maintain optimal body condition and egg quality.
Third, supplementing with green feed can significantly benefit egg production. Green feeds are rich in protein, vitamins, and chlorophyll, and they also contain various unknown nutrients that support overall hen health and increase egg output.
Fourth, adding specific nutritional supplements can further enhance performance. For every 100 kg of feed, include 10 grams of multi-vitamin pigments, 100 grams of methionine, 100 grams of choline chloride, and 100 grams of trace elements.
Fifth, clean and sufficient water is vital. Each hen should have access to 300–400 ml of water daily. A lack of water can reduce egg production by 2% to 6%, so maintaining a constant supply is key.
Sixth, proper lighting plays a significant role. When using artificial lighting, ensure that each square meter has 3–5 watts of light. Lamps should be placed about 2 meters above the floor, and spaced approximately 3 meters apart to provide even illumination throughout the house.
Seventh, disease prevention is critical. Hens in peak production are more susceptible to illness. Regular cleaning and disinfection of the poultry house are necessary. Additionally, mixing broad-spectrum antibiotics like oxytetracycline or chloramphenicol into the feed every two weeks for 3–4 days can help prevent diseases such as chronic respiratory issues, fowl cholera, and infectious rhinitis.
Lastly, minimizing stress is essential for consistent egg production. Employees should wear the same color clothing when working in the laying house, move gently, and follow a structured routine for tasks like feeding, lighting, egg collection, and inspections. Consistency and order in daily operations help keep the hens calm and productive.
By following these practices, farmers can maximize the duration and stability of the peak egg production period, leading to better economic returns and healthier flocks.