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How to prolong the peak period of egg laying
After the broiler breeder enters the production phase, the egg-laying rate gradually increases. Once it exceeds 80%, the flock enters its peak egg production period. To extend and stabilize this high-performance stage, several scientific management practices should be implemented:
1. **Proper Protein Supply**: Each chicken needs about 8 grams of protein daily for basic life functions, while producing an egg requires approximately 15 grams of crude protein. During peak production, the total dietary protein should be maintained between 17.5% and 18% to meet the nutritional demands of egg formation.
2. **Control Energy Levels**: The energy content of the feed should be carefully managed. During the peak laying period, the energy level should be around 11.5 MJ/kg to support optimal egg production without overfeeding.
3. **Incorporate Green Feed**: Adding green feeds such as grasses or leafy vegetables can improve egg quality and increase production. These feeds are rich in protein, vitamins, chlorophyll, and other essential nutrients that are beneficial for hens during their peak laying phase.
4. **Add Nutritional Supplements**: For every 100 kg of feed, consider adding 10 g of multi-vitamin pigments, 100 g of methionine, 100 g of choline chloride, and 100 g of trace elements. These additives help maintain health and enhance productivity.
5. **Ensure Adequate Water Supply**: Each hen should have access to 300–400 ml of clean water per day. A lack of water can reduce egg production by 2–6%, so maintaining a consistent and sufficient water supply is crucial.
6. **Optimize Lighting Conditions**: Proper lighting is essential to stimulate egg production. Lights should provide 3–5 watts per square meter, with lamps placed about 2 meters above the floor and spaced 3 meters apart to ensure even illumination throughout the house.
7. **Disease Prevention**: Hens in peak production are more susceptible to diseases. Regular cleaning and disinfection of the poultry house are necessary. Additionally, mixing broad-spectrum antibiotics like oxytetracycline or chloramphenicol into the feed every two weeks for 3–4 days can help prevent common bacterial infections such as respiratory diseases and infectious rhinitis.
8. **Minimize Stress**: Stress can negatively impact egg production. Staff should wear the same color clothing when working in the laying house, move gently, and follow a consistent schedule for feeding, light control, and house maintenance. Maintaining a calm and predictable environment helps keep hens healthy and productive.
By implementing these strategies, farmers can effectively extend the peak egg production period, leading to higher yields and better overall performance in their flocks.