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There are two kinds of granules, one is that there are several lines on one side of the ear from the base to the top are not strong, that is, lack of lines; the other is the lack of grain of the stars, that is, only a few grains on the ear. The former occurs mostly when the ear is stranded on a cloudy day, and the filaments droop toward one side, affecting the normal pollination of the lower filaments. It is more likely that this phenomenon occurs when the growth angle is large. The latter occurred on plants with late ear development and late wire drawing.
The main reasons why corn produces empty rods, bald heads, and lack of grains are:
1, improper density. If the density is too large, the plants will be prematurely sealed and shaded, so that the functional leaves of the ears will suffer from lack of illumination and lack of nutrition. The axillary buds cannot be converted into flower buds, affecting the growth and development of the ear. The higher the general density, the higher the empty rod rate. At the same time, due to the mutual staggering of the leaves, the filaments are often covered by the leaves and cannot be caused by lack of powder.
2, the supply of nutrients disorders. Insufficiency of nutrition and increase of empty rod rate; inappropriate proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can also increase the empty rod rate. If phosphorus and potassium are absent, ear differentiation is delayed, flowering is delayed, and even if nutrient transport is hindered, female flower development is destroyed. Infertility pollen increased in male flowers, resulting in worsening of pollination conditions and causing lack of grain.
3, adverse weather conditions. If the drought occurs too much during the formation and development of the maize ear, the ear cannot be extracted or withdrawn, and it cannot be spit. The period of differentiation of the female and tassels was cloudy and rainy, the sunlight was insufficient, and the photosynthetic intensity was reduced. The long-term accumulation of water in the soil, poor ventilation, weakened absorption capacity of the roots, and lack of nutrients, can not be developed after this ear differentiation or differentiation; if the soil moisture is insufficient, the flowering interval between the male and female flower spikes can be extended for 10-20 days. Together with the earliest flowering at the top of the ear, when the filaments are drawn out, the source of pollen is often insufficient, losing the chance of pollination and forming baldness.
4, poor cultivation techniques. Poor seed quality, extensive site preparation, large clumps, uneven coverage, poor emergence, plant growth potential, the formation of strong bullying, bullying small, weak strains are hard to increase the empty rod. In addition, if the sowing date is too early and late, the management of the cultivator is not timely, resulting in grass damage. Poor irrigation and drainage, high groundwater levels, and excessive soil moisture all affect the long-term development of corn, resulting in empty rods, bald heads, and lack of grains.
Second, prevention and control measures
1, rational close planting. According to the nature of the soil, fertilizer levels, water conditions, species characteristics, etc. determine the number of plants per acre and planting methods.
2, appropriate amount of fertilizer. In addition to the application of base fertilizer, the requirements for nutrients at different growth stages of maize were appropriately applied to top dressing.
3, choose a good seed. In poor natural conditions, large climatic changes, and thin soil areas, local conditions make it possible to choose hard-tolerant or adaptable hard-grained or half-dentate species. Seed quality is high and seeds must be carefully selected.
4, improve the quality of soil preparation and sowing. Neat and consistent seedlings do not form strong and weak strains.
5. Artificially assisted pollination. Baldness and lack of grain are mainly due to poor pollination and lack of moisture and nutrients. Therefore, it is best to use artificially assisted pollination to prevent baldness and grain deficiencies, and to strengthen fertilizer and water management.
The Causes and Control Measures of Empty Head Sterile and Short Grain in Maize
First, the reasons for the production of empty rods refers to the phenomenon that the corn plants can't grow up without ears or ears. Baldness means that the top of the ear is not strong, and when the top of the ear is pulled out, the tassel has been loosened and no pollen is fertilized.