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Non-pollution Ginger Mulching High-yield Cultivation Technique
Ginger is commonly used in people's lives as a seasoning vegetable, and it is also an important raw material for the pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries. It was once an important export-oriented vegetable in Shandong Province. According to the experiment, the single ginger-covered plant can increase weight by 80-150g, and can increase 300-500kg of fresh ginger per 667 square meters, and the ginger block is hypertrophic, has good commercial property and high efficiency. Now we will introduce high-yield cultivation techniques for coated ginger. 1 Selectively deep plowing, adequate base fertilizer selection, drought-irrigated, earthworm-pumpable, high-desert, deep soil, soft soil, organic-rich slightly acidic mid-solar field for ginger field, and 3 years have not grown ginger and eggplant Crops. Before ploughing, 5,000 m2 of quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 75 kg of peanut cake or peanut cake, 35 kg of diammonium phosphate, 30 kg of potassium sulfate, and 1 kg of borax were applied every 667 m2. Deep plowing 25 ~ 30cm, fine hoe, wolfberry rammer, so that the soil is flat, finely smashed, on the Panasonic real. 2 Select ginger seeds, promote good buds 2.1 selection, drying, trapped ginger ginger species choose Laiwu ginger or Tengzhou ginger, ginger block hypertrophy, no pests, each ginger weight to 50 ~ 75g is appropriate. Excessively large, wasted ginger seeds, high cost; too small, slow growth of seedlings, is not conducive to root growth. Ginger seeds of 300 to 400 kg per 667 square meters. Choose sunny days, rinse the soil with ginger on the net, and put it on a straw or clean ground for 1 to 2 days. Scattering light is best when sunning ginger. If sunlight is strong, shave it properly. Ginger should be taken out of the room every evening to avoid cold damage to ginger seed. Ginger seeds are air-dried for 1 to 2 days, and ginger will be trapped. The trapped ginger is the ginger seeds stacked in the house, covered with grass or bamboo mats, dark treatment 3 to 4 days. Ghost ginger and sun ginger have to be alternated 2 or 3 times. Be sure to take it lightly and gently to avoid mechanical damage. At the same time, the cognac is shrunken and the color is grayish brown, and then germination is performed. 2.2 Germination of Germinating Ginger The germination should be based on the actual situation. If the length of the ginger seed bud has reached 1.0 to 1.5 cm, no germination is required. Pregerminate the trapped ginger seed, soak it in 2000 times potassium permanganate solution for 10-20min, then dry it, store it layer by layer in the house, and pave 2~3cm thick clean wheat straw between layers. Cover with 7-8cm thick dry wheat straw, keep the temperature within the ginger heap at 20-25°C, and after 20 days or so, ginger bud length 1.0-1.5cm, plant the seeds. 3 Adjust the density and plant the ginger in suitable areas in Luzhongnan, North Jiangsu, and East Henan for a suitable period of time. Plant the ginger on a warm and sunny day around April 20. Before sowing, remove the excess buds of the ginger seeds, leaving only one strong strong bud per piece. Planting spacing 60cm, ridging, ridge height 15 ~ 20cm. Ditch on the ridge, ditch depth 8 ~ 10cm. Then watering, water infiltration 1 ~ 2h, according to plant spacing 18 ~ 22cm planting, planting 5500 piers per 667 square meters. Let the buds in one direction, the planting depth of no more than 6cm, covering the thickness of 2 ~ 3cm, flat ridge surface. 4 Chemical weeding, covered with plastic film covering the film, can keep the soil moist, adjust the temperature, promote root growth and nutrient absorption, seedling Qi, seedlings quickly. However, there is a large amount of weeds in the film. Therefore, the herbicide should be sprayed before covering the film. For every 667 square meters, 33% of Shida's cream can be used for 100ml or 40% of ginger, garlic, and garlic for 150-200ml of emulsifiable concentrate, and 30-40ml of water can be evenly sprayed on the ground. Then cover the ginger ridge with a 75-90cm wide plastic film. The mulch film should be flattened, tightened, compacted, and prevented from breaking. The gap between ridges and ridges is 15 to 20 cm wide, and it is not covered with a film, which is convenient for fertilization and watering. 5 timely membrane rupture seedlings, strengthen water and fertilizer management if 10% to 15% of the ginger buds unearthed, it is necessary to promptly rupture membrane seedlings. Membrane breakage method: Use a can of 4 to 6 cm in diameter, cut the mouth, and press it down on the ginger bud. Press down and punch the hole in the membrane. Compact the soil around the hole to prevent it from being uncovered. When the emergence of 30%, timely insertion of ginger grass or shading shade. Generally do not water before emergence, Miao Qi, pouring small water, let the water slowly seep. Before and after July 20 (big summer), combined with watering, apply 20 kg of urea per 667 square meters, 10 kg of potassium sulfate, and apply it to the soil. After that, it is poured 3 to 5 times a month. When the height of seedlings is 30-40 cm, 20 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to 45% ginger per 667 square meters. After the beginning of autumn, ginger grows vigorously, and the groundwater is poured to keep the soil moist. In early September, when the ginger seedlings had 6 to 8 branches, 25kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer was applied to every 667m2 of poor soil fertility and weak plant growth, or 2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed every 7 days. Solution 40kg, spray 2 times. And we must promptly eliminate waterlogging in the ditch to prevent the occurrence of ginger rickets. 6 Comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases to prevent ginger aphid and ginger aphid control. When planting, 667 square meters with 3% phoxim granules 2 ~ 3kg, control of underground pests. After emergence of ginger, ginger aphids, cabbage caterpillars, thrips, etc. should be prevented. 0.6% abamectin 2000 times spray can be used, once every 6 to 8 days, and even spray 2 or 3 times. Prevention of Jiangyan disease should start from the source, focus on prevention, and treat it as soon as possible. Rotation for change, strict selection of disease-free ginger, pouring water, apply net fertilizer, prevent water. The diseased plants were found to be removed in a timely manner and 5% lime water was used to disinfect the diseased points. In mid-June, 1:1:100-fold Bordeaux mixture or Kechuxing 800-fold solution plus agricultural streptomycin 1000-fold solution was used for prevention and control. Sprays were sprayed every 7 days and sprayed 3 times. 7 Timely harvesting and storage of coated ginger can be delayed by 8 to 10 days compared with uncoated ginger. In early November, when the temperature drops to 8 to 10°C, it is timely harvested. Generally, water should be poured 3 to 4 days before harvest to make the soil moist and the soil loose. At the time of harvest, the mulch is first peeled off, the whole ginger is pulled out by hand or the whole plant is shoveled with a spade, and the soil on the root stem is shaken off, and the stem is cut off from the base of the stem on the ground, leaving a 2 cm long residue on the ground. Stems, fibrous roots must be removed, put into the pit, and not allowed to stay in the wild to prevent cold damage. Before entering the cellar, ginger cellar should be sterilized with dichlorvos and carbendazim to eliminate pests and diseases.