Rootstock pumpkin high-yield cultivation technology

High-yield cultivation technology of pumpkin:

Cultivate strong seedlings

Pumpkin has a developed root system and does not require high soil conditions. It should be cultivated in loam and sandy loam with good permeability. Nutrient bowls are generally used for seedling cultivation. Open field cultivation is sown from late March to early April. The seedling period is 20 to 25 days, and transplanted in late April. Protected cultivation is sown in mid-late February. Promote germination before sowing, soak seeds in water at 25 ~ 30 ℃ for 6 ~ 8 hours, remove and scrub them, and put them in a germination box at 25 ~ 30 ℃ to promote germination. After the seeds are exposed, the temperature should be controlled below 25 ℃, usually 24 ~ 36 hours. Qi buds. After the nutrient soil is prepared and drenched with water, it can be sown, sow one seed per bowl, and then cover the fine soil with a thickness of about 1 cm. Tile a layer of film on the nutrition bowl to moisturize and increase temperature to promote emergence. Remove the film in time after emergence, and at the same time do a good job of prevention and control of diseases and insect pests at the seedling stage to ensure that strong seedlings are produced.

2. Reasonable dense planting and scientific fertilization

Planting density is determined according to variety characteristics and cultivation patterns. Generally, about 800 plants per acre are planted in a greenhouse, and about 500 plants per acre are planted in an open field. Apply 100 kg of organic fertilizer per acre and 35 kg of compound fertilizer as basal fertilizer. Strictly control nitrogen fertilizer and watering during flowering and fruit setting period; after setting the melon (egg size), combine 15 kg of compound fertilizer and 5-8 kg of urea per acre in shallow water in the ditch. .

Field management

(1) Pruning

The purpose of pruning is to balance the relationship between results and long leaves. Pumpkins have strong branching power in the plots with sufficient nitrogen fertilizer. If they are allowed to grow, excessively luxuriant branches and leaves will delay fruiting. Topping and topping in the 3 to 4 leaf stage promotes spawning branches. Generally, single-vine or double-vine pruning is used for greenhouse cultivation, and open-field cultivation adopts a single-leaved 3-vine or 4-vine planting method *. Regardless of which way to keep the vines, remove the side branches that reappear on the vines left before sitting in time to avoid affecting the sitting vines.

(2) Pollination

Generally, the second or third female flower is left on the main vine, and the first or second female flower is left on the side vine. The amount of retained fruit is related to the characteristics of the variety. Generally, 5 to 7 fruits are retained on a single rootstock pumpkin. When the remaining female flowers appear, pick the blooming male flowers in the morning, remove the petals, and gently wipe them on the stigma of the blooming female flowers for artificial pollination.

4. Harvest

Rootstock pumpkins are harvested from mature melon. Generally, after 60 days of flowering, they are harvested after they are fully mature, their nails are not scratched, and their skin color turns yellow to ensure that the seeds are fully mature.

Pest Control:

Rootstock pumpkin diseases mainly include powdery mildew, mosaic virus disease and horn spot disease. In the initial stage of powdery mildew, 62% Wison 1000 times solution, methyl tolbutin, chlorothalonil and other agents can be used for prevention and control. Mosaic virus disease often causes pumpkins to turn into melon or even fail to harvest. It mainly starts with cultivating strong seedlings and improving self-resistance. At the same time, it is sprayed with 20% virus A500 times solution or 500 times solution for health protection. Corner spot disease can be controlled with mancozeb, carbendazim and the like. Insect pests are mainly aphids, red spiders and so on. Aphids can be controlled with 50% of aphid-resistant 1500 times solution, and red spiders can be sprayed with 38% of Baifu 800-1000 times of solution or worm-mite 1500 times of solution.

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