Method of scientific fertilization in winter wheat field in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River

At present, the application of winter wheat in the Yangtze River Valley has the following problems: low organic manure consumption, high N fertilizer application rate, large proportion of early application, lack of trace elements such as zinc, etc., and production methods should change fertilization methods, increase fertilizer utilization, and promote high yield and quality of wheat.

The principle of fertilization is to increase organic fertilizer, implement straw return, and combine organic and inorganic fertilizers. Appropriately reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and adjust the proportion of base fertilizer and top dressing, reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the previous period. In the phosphorus-deficient field, appropriate application of phosphate fertilizer or stable application of phosphate fertilizer, effective phosphorus-rich fields should appropriately reduce the amount of phosphate fertilizer. Fertilizer application should be combined with high yield and good quality cultivation techniques.

The amount and method of fertilizer application usually yields 500 kg of land per mu. Each acre requires 14 to 16 kg of pure nitrogen, 6 to 8 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 5 to 8 kg of potassium oxide, and 400 to 500 kg of land per mu. Mu needs pure nitrogen 12 to 14 kilograms, phosphorus pentoxide 4 to 6 kilograms, potassium oxide 4 to 6 kilograms; 300 to 400 kilograms per mu of plots, 10 to 13 kilograms of pure nitrogen per mus, phosphorus pentoxide 3 ~ 5 kg, potassium oxide 3 ~ 5 kg; 300 kg per mu field, per acre of pure nitrogen 8 ~ 11 kg, phosphorus pentoxide 3 ~ 5 kg, potassium oxide 5 kg. Sulphur-deficient areas can use 2 kg of sulfur per mu. If other sulphur-containing fertilizers are used, the amount of sulphur can be reduced as appropriate. Zinc deficiency or lack of manganese in the area, according to the situation per gram of base zinc sulfate or manganese sulfate 1 to 2 kg. 50% of nitrogen fertilizer is used as base fertilizer and 50% as top-dressing fertilizer. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and trace element fertilizers are all used as base fertilizers. Weak-gluten wheat should increase the proportion of base fertilizer. Advocate the combination of "a spray with three defenses", in the grain filling phase of wheat spray trace element fertilizer, or per acre with potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150 ~ 200 grams, 0.5 ~ 1 kg of urea, add 50 kg of water spray.

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