A new structure called "reticular adhesion" found in human cells plays a key role in cell division

A new structure called "reticular adhesion" found in human cells plays a key role in cell division

October 25, 2018 Source: Science and Technology Daily

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According to the US Daily Science website reported on the 22nd, Swedish and British scientists have discovered a new structure in human cells - a new type of protein complex, through which cells attach to the surrounding environment. Studies have shown that this structure plays a key role in cell division.

The cells in the tissue are surrounded by a network of structures called "extracellular matrix." To attach itself to the substrate, there are receptor molecules on the cell surface that control the assembly of large protein complexes inside the cell. These so-called adhesion complexes connect the exterior of the cell to the interior of the cell and signal the cell about its immediate environment, which affects the nature and behavior of the cell.

In the latest study, the researchers used confocal microscopy and mass spectrometry to observe human cell lines and found a new type of adhesion complex that is reticular in structure and is therefore referred to as "mesh adhesion." The new structure has a unique molecular composition that makes it different from known adhesion complexes.

Staffan Strom Brad, professor and lead researcher at the Department of Biological Sciences and Nutrition at the Karolinska Institute of Medicine, said the new adhesion complex can answer unresolved questions about how cells remain in the process of division. Attached to the substrate. Other adhesion complexes previously known will dissolve during this process to allow cell division, but this is not the case with new adhesion complexes. Strom Brad explained: "We have shown that this new adhesion complex remains and attaches to cells during cell division."

The study also demonstrated that the newly discovered "reticular adhesion" structure controls the ability of daughter cells to occupy the correct position after cell division. This memory function was interrupted when the researchers restricted the activity of this adhesion complex.

Strom Brad said: "Our findings raise many new questions about the existence and function of these structures. We believe that they are also involved in other processes than cell division, but this remains to be discovered."

Related papers are published in the latest issue of Nature and Cell Biology.

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