Chemical fertilizers, pesticides, plant growth regulators, mixing and precautions

The combination of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can provide crop nutrients, disease prevention, pest control and weed control. It is a widely used technology in recent years. In the production practice, with the increasing use of pesticides, fertilizers and plant growth regulators, it is often possible to use them at the same time or with the combination of fertilizers or fertilizers or plant growth regulators or pesticides and fertilizers, plant growth regulators, etc. .

Scientific and rational mixing can save labor and improve work efficiency, fertilizer efficiency and efficacy. Blind use will not only reduce the effect, but even cause unexpected harm. However, some fertilizers and pesticides used together will have a negative effect.

Mix pesticides, fertilizers and plant conditioners,

The following five principles must be followed:

Precautions

1, does not destroy the physical properties: after mixing, can ensure normal efficacy or synergy, maintain the original physical properties, so as to avoid emulsification, suspension rate reduction, stratification, flocculation, precipitation, crystallization of active ingredients and other phenomena.

2. No adverse chemical reaction occurs: no adverse chemical reactions such as acid-base neutralization, precipitation, hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, salting out or redox reaction occur between the mixtures.

3. No reduction in toxicity and residual activity: the mixture does not cause toxic effects on fruit trees and products. After mixing pesticides, it is required not to increase toxicity, to ensure the safety of humans and animals, moderately toxic pesticides mixed with low-toxic or low-residue pesticides, which can reduce toxicity or residue and reduce pesticide residues in fruits.

4, the method of use as consistent as possible: the components in the mixture in the efficacy time, application site and the use of objects are more consistent, can fully play their respective effects.

5, first try and then promote: first test in a small range, can be mixed when it proves that there is no adverse effect.

First, the principle of mixing fertilizers with pesticides

1. After mixing, in order not to reduce fertilizer efficiency and efficacy.

Alkaline fertilizers such as ammonia, lime nitrogen, and ash may not be mixed with acesulfame, thiophanate, jinggangmycin, carbendazim, and pyrethroid pesticides.

2. The principle of mixing must be harmless to crops. Some pesticides, such as chlorpyrifos and liquid fertilizers, increase the toxicity to crops.

3. The mixture should have a certain stability.

For example, when 2,4-D is mixed with calcium, it will remain stable for about 1 month, but some pesticides will fail.

4. After mixing, the application time and the depth of fertilization must take into account the full effect of fertilizer efficiency and efficacy. The medicine and fertilizer mixture should be slightly shallow when applied as a base fertilizer, so that the weed seeds are herbicide when they are germinated into seedlings.

5. Killing, topdressing is mainly used in the seedling stage, such as the 4-leaf or 6-leaf stage of corn, which should be applied at the time when weed germination and seedling growth are most likely to be killed.

6. After the fertilizer and pesticide are mixed, the requirements of fertilizer application and the disease prevention, pest control and herbicide elimination of pesticides are often not completely unified. Therefore, the pesticides based on chemical fertilizers are mainly herbicides with less insecticides and sterilization. There are fewer agents.

Second, pesticides and pesticides mixed

Mixing pesticides with pesticides is a more complicated problem. Not all pesticides can be mixed. The following points should be noted in mixing:

1) pH is an important factor affecting the effectiveness of each component. Under alkaline conditions, carbamate, pyrethroid vinegar insecticide, thiram, dexame ring and other dithiocarbamate bactericides are prone to hydrolysis. Or complex chemical changes that destroy the original structure. Under acidic conditions, 2,4-D sodium salt, 2 methyl 4-chloro sodium salt, amitraz and the like are decomposed, thereby reducing the efficacy.

2) Organic sulfur and organophosphorus pesticides cannot be mixed with pesticides containing copper preparations.

For example, dithiocarbamate fungicides, 2,4-D salt herbicides are mixed with copper preparations, and lose their activity due to complexation with copper ions.

3) Microbial source insecticides and systemic organophosphorus pesticides cannot be mixed with fungicides.

4) Mixing of emulsifiable concentrate or wettable powder requires no delamination, oil slick, precipitation, etc.

5) The phytotoxicity of the mixture should be avoided. The chemical changes of the active ingredients in the mixture composition may cause phytotoxicity. For example, the mixture of sulphur and sulphur mixture can produce harmful copper sulphide and increase the content of soluble copper ions. Oxalamine and the like cannot be mixed with organic phosphorus or carbamate insecticides.

6) Insecticide mixture: A enemy powder, B enemy powder, enemies emulsifiable concentrate, anti-Qi Ling, complex fruit and so on.

7) Insecticides and fungicides are mixed and mixed in the form of: killing pine and adding different rice, net, dimethoate, methamidophos, and other rice, most of which are currently used.

8) Insecticides, fungicides and herbicides are mixed in a small variety.

9) There are many varieties of fungicides, mainly mixed with double seed, metalaxyl manganese sulfate, polysulfide suspension, and antibacterial.

10) Plant growth regulators are mixed in a small variety. For example, imipenem is mixed with chlormequat, and gibberellin is mixed with naphthalene acetic acid.

Third, the combination of fertilizer and fertilizer

1) Calcium superphosphate cannot be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as plant ash, lime nitrogen and lime, otherwise it will reduce the effectiveness of phosphorus;

Phosphorus ore powder, bone powder and other insoluble phosphate fertilizers can not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as plant ash, lime nitrogen, lime, etc. Otherwise, the organic acid in the soil is neutralized, making the poorly soluble phosphate fertilizer more difficult to dissolve, and the crop cannot be absorbed and utilized.

2) Alkaline fertilizers such as calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizers cannot be mixed with ammonium nitrogen fertilizers, because alkaline fertilizers, if mixed with ammonium nitrogen fertilizers, will increase ammonia volatilization and reduce losses.

3) Chemical fertilizers cannot be mixed with bacterial fertilizers because they have strong water absorption, corrosiveness and volatility. If they are mixed with bacterial microorganisms such as rhizobia, they will kill or inhibit live bacteria and invalidate bacterial fertilizers.

4) Unfertilized farmyard manure cannot be mixed with ammonium nitrate.

If mixed with ammonium nitrate, the unfertilized farmyard manure will lose nitrogen during the process of decomposition and decay, otherwise the nitrogen will be damaged and the fertilizer efficiency will be reduced.

4. Mixing pesticides with fertilizers

Solid pesticides and fertilizers can generally be mixed directly. Solid-liquid mixing or liquid-liquid mixing should first consider the changes that may occur after mixing.

After mixing, the application time and the depth of application must take into account the full effect of fertilizer efficiency and efficacy. The medicine and fertilizer mixture should be applied as base fertilizer.

After the fertilizer and pesticide are mixed, the requirements for fertilizer application and the disease prevention, pest control and herbicide elimination of pesticides are often not completely unified. Therefore, the pesticides based on chemical fertilizers are mainly herbicides with less insecticides and fungicides. less.

1) Alkaline pesticides such as Bordeaux mixture, stone sulphur mixture, and rosin mixture cannot be mixed with ammonium nitrogen fertilizer or ammonium superphosphate such as ammonium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride to avoid ammonia volatilization or precipitation, thereby reducing Fertilizer effect.

2) Alkaline fertilizers such as ammonia, lime, grass ash, etc. cannot be combined with trichlorfon, dimethoate, acesulfame, methamidophos, methyl thiophanate, jinggangmycin, carbendazim, leaf mites, and pyrethrum Mix pesticides such as ester insecticides, otherwise it will reduce the efficacy. Because most organophosphorus pesticides are prone to decomposition failure under alkaline conditions.

3) Fertilizers cannot be mixed with microbial pesticides because chemical fertilizers are volatile and corrosive. If they are mixed with microbial pesticides such as Acartobacter, Penicillium, etc., they are easy to kill microorganisms and reduce the control effect.

4) Arsenic-containing pesticides cannot be mixed with potassium salts or sodium salts. For example, if calcium arsenate or aluminum arsenate is mixed with potassium salts or sodium salt fertilizers, soluble arsenic may be produced and phytotoxicity may occur. In all the mixed use of fertilizers, the most mixed fertilizers and herbicides, followed by pesticides, and less fungicides.

5) Plant growth regulators and fertilizers, especially high-yield (sodium nitrophenolate), spray Shibao, foliar treasure, micro-fertilizer, the effect is remarkable. For example, triacontanol is mixed with urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, borax, and the like.

5. Plant growth regulators are mixed with pesticides and fertilizers.

To identify whether a plant growth regulator can be mixed with other pesticides or fertilizers, the simplest method is to mix the agricultural plant growth regulator with the pesticide or fertilizer in the same container, and make a solution, if there is no oil slick, floc Junction, precipitation or discoloration, heat generation, bubble generation, etc., indicate that they can be mixed.

Six, mixed water

To prepare and dilute chemical fertilizers, pesticides and hormones, use clean, neutral soft water (refer to fresh water such as river water, river water, lake water, water with less calcium and magnesium ions and hardness of about 7.5 degrees). Chemical changes occur in water, pesticide components are protected from damage, and the efficacy and control effects of pesticides are ensured to avoid phytotoxicity.

Such as hard water (refers to water such as well water, salt water, sea water and other ions containing more calcium, magnesium, etc., hardness of 18-20 degrees.) Dilute pesticides, calcium and magnesium ions in water can reduce the suspension of wettable agents The rate, or the synthesis of calcium and magnesium precipitates with the emulsion in the emulsifiable concentrate, destroys the emulsification performance of the emulsifiable concentrate, which will reduce the control effect of the pesticide, easily cause phytotoxicity to crops, and easily block the nozzle.

7. Is the effect of mixing urea and dimethoate better?

1. Mix the dimethoate pesticide with the aqueous solution of vinegar with 40% dimethoate and vinegar and water, mix in a ratio of 1:1:1500 times, spray 50 kg per acre of leaves, on aphids, red spiders, thrips, vegetables The leaf miner has good control effect, which can save about 30% of pesticides and 20% to 30% of insecticidal effect.

Because vinegar can soften the body wall of pests, it enhances the penetration of liquid medicine and improves the insecticidal effect. At the same time, vinegar contains a variety of nutrients, which also has a certain effect on crops. Bordeaux mixture can be mixed with ammonium bicarbonate and can also kill aphids, red spiders.

2. Mix trichlorfon and grass ash liquid. Mix 10 kg of hay wood ash per acre with 50 kg of water and soak for 24 hours. Remove the filtrate and add 80% trichlorfon 25 g to mix every 7 to 8 days. Foliar spraying of crops and spraying for 3 times can control pests such as aphids, red spiders, cabbage caterpillars, armyworms, rice planthoppers, leafhoppers, etc., and also increase yield.

3, urea and washing powder mixed with urea 0.5 kg ~ 0.7 kg per acre, washing powder 125 g, mixed with 50 kg of water, foliar spray on the crop, can control grass, flowers, etc. aphids, red spiders . Spray once every 7 days to 8 days, even spraying 2 times to 3 times, the control effect can reach more than 90%, and can increase crop yield by more than 10%.

4. Mix urea and dimethoate with 40% dimethoate 50ml, urea 0.5kg and 50kg water. Spray the seedlings, flowers and other crops on the foliage to control pests such as aphids, thrips and leaf miners. The effect is good and there is a significant increase in production. Because the residual effect period of dimethoate is only 5 days to 6 days, the interval between spraying is preferably 5 days.

There are good and bad mixes of the three. If you master the mixed skills, it will definitely have a significant effect on the crops. If you don't use them, it will be counterproductive! I hope everyone will use them cautiously.

This article URL: Fertilizer and pesticide plant growth regulator mix and match matters needing attention

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